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Anthracite
Anthracite

Pegmatite
Pegmatite



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Anthracite
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Pegmatite

Anthracite vs Pegmatite

Definition

Definition

Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster
Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals

History

Origin

Pennsylvania, U.S.
-

Discoverer

Unknown
R. J. Hauy

Etymology

From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal
From Greek pegma, pegmat which means- thing joined together + -ite

Class

Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
Plutonic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Amorphous, Glassy
Pegmatitic

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
Black, Brown, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, Red, Rust, Silver, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Veined or Pebbled
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

-
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

-
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

-
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping

Medical Industry

In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins
-

Antiquity Uses

-
Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
Creating Artwork, Jewelry, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz

Types

Types

Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite
Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite

Features

Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.
Pegmatite rock is holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is formed by partial melting and dewatering during the process of metamorphism.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals
Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz

Compound Content

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Phosphorus Pentoxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

-
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

-
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

1-1.57
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Medium to Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

Black
White

Porosity

Less Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Shiny
Grainy, Pearly and Vitreous

Compressive Strength

-178.54 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
Perfect

Toughness

-
2.1

Specific Gravity

1.1-1.42.6-2.63
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Translucent to Opaque

Density

1.25-2.5 g/cm32.6-2.65 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

1.32 kJ/Kg K0.79 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Water Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
China, India, Iran, Japan, Nepal, North Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
South Africa

Europe

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
Austria, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada

South America

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Anthracite vs Pegmatite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Anthracite and Pegmatite Reserves. Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster. Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Anthracite vs Pegmatite information and Anthracite vs Pegmatite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Anthracite vs Pegmatite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Anthracite vs Pegmatite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Anthracite and Properties of Pegmatite. Learn more about Anthracite vs Pegmatite in the next section. The interior uses of Anthracite include whereas the interior uses of Pegmatite include Decorative aggregates, Flooring and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Anthracite and Pegmatite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Anthracite in construction industry include Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel production and that of Pegmatite include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Landscaping.

More about Anthracite and Pegmatite

Here you can know more about Anthracite and Pegmatite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Anthracite and Pegmatite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Anthracite includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals and mineral content of Pegmatite includes Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Anthracite vs Pegmatite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors whereas, Pegmatite is available in black, brown, cream, green, grey, pink, red, rust, silver, white, yellow colors. Appearance of Anthracite is Veined or Pebbled and that of Pegmatite is Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. Properties of rock is another aspect for Anthracite vs Pegmatite. The hardness of Anthracite is 1-1.5 and that of Pegmatite is 7. The types of Anthracite are Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite whereas types of Pegmatite are Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Anthracite is black while that of Pegmatite is white. The specific heat capacity of Anthracite is 1.32 kJ/Kg K and that of Pegmatite is 0.79 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Anthracite is heat resistant, water resistant whereas Pegmatite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.