Anorthosite

Hornfels

Anorthosite and Hornfels

Anorthosite

Hornfels

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Definition

Anorthosite is a granular igneous rock composed largely of labradorite or plagioclase

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

History

Origin

New Zealand

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From French anorthose plagioclase + -ite1

From German which means hornstone

Class

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Foliated, Glassy

Granular, Platy

Color

Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Green, Grey, Light Greenish Grey, Pink, White

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny

Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Curling

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Proterozoic Anorthosite and Archean Anorthosite

Biotite hornfels

Features

Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Smooth to touch

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Anorthosite is a phaneritic, intrusive igneous rock which is characterized by a predominance of plagioclase feldspar which is almost 90–100%, and a minimal mafic component.

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Clinopyroxene, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Orthopyroxene

Andalusite

Compound Content

Ca, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, MgO, Sulfur Trioxide

Fe, Mg

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5-62-3

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Irregular

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Pearly to Subvitreous

Shiny

Compressive Strength

180.00 N/mm²5.80 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

Specific Gravity

2.62-2.823.4-3.9

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent

Opaque

Density

2.7-4 g/cm³0.25-0.30 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Europe

Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, The Czech Republic

United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada

Canada, USA

South America

Bolivia, Colombia

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, South Australia, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

All about Anorthosite and Hornfels Properties

Know all about Anorthosite and Hornfels properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Anorthosite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Hornfels belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Anorthosite is Foliated, Glassy whereas that of Hornfels is Granular, Platy. Anorthosite appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny and Hornfels appears Dull. The luster of Anorthosite is pearly to subvitreous while that of Hornfels is shiny. Anorthosite is available in black, bluish - grey, brown, green, grey, light greenish grey, pink, white colors whereas Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors. The commercial uses of Anorthosite are creating artwork, curling and that of Hornfels are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork.