1 Definition
1.1 definisi
obsidian punika kaca vulkanik alami kawangun minangka rock igneous extrusive. diprodhuksi nalika lahar felsic extruded saka gunung mbledhos ndingin kanthi cepet karo wutah kristal minimal
tuff jinis rock digawe saka awu vulkanik luwar saka ngeculake sajrone eruption vulkanik
1.2 Sajarah
1.2.1 asal
1.2.2 panemu
1.3 Etimologi
saka obsidianus latin, misprint saka obsianus (lapis) (watu) saka obsius
saka tembung latin tophous banjur ing tufo italian lan pungkasanipun tuff
1.4 kelas
1.4.1 sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, medium atose rock
1.5 kulawarga
1.5.1 group
1.6 kategori liyane
rock opaque
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
2 Tekstur
2.1 tektur
glassy
clastic, pyroclastic
2.2 werna
ireng, biru, coklat, ijo, orange, abang, tan, kuning
coklat, grey, kuning
2.3 pangopènan
2.4 kekiatan
2.4.1 banyu tahan
2.4.2 ngeruk tahan
2.4.3 rereged tahan
2.4.4 angin tahan
2.4.5 asam tahan
2.5 katon
mengilap
kurang, vesicular lan foilated
3 Kagunaane
3.1 arsitektur
3.1.1 Efesus interior
aggregates hiasan, interior
aggregates hiasan, entryways, jogan, homes, interior
3.1.2 Efesus njaba
Taman hiasan
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu
3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane
durung digunakake
curbing
3.2 industri
3.2.1 industri construction
arrowheads, alat nglereni, lading, scrapers, TCTerms tumbak
omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction
3.2.2 industri medical
3.3 Efesus jaman
artefak, perhiasan
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
3.4 Panggunaan sanès
3.4.1 komersial
nggawe kriya, mirror, digunakake ing akuarium
nggawe kriya
4 Jinis
4.1 jinis
mercon obsidian, mahoni, Sheen obsidian, Snowflake obsidian lan Beludru merak obsidian
gandheng tuff, tuff rhyolitic, basaltic tuff, trachyte tuff, tuff andesitic lan ignimbrite.
4.2 fitur
pamblokiran negativity, mbantu kanggo ngreksa marang depresi
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero
4.3 pinunjul arkeologi
4.3.1 monumen
4.3.2 monumen misuwur
ora ditrapake
pulo Paskah ing segitiga Polinesia, pacific segara
4.3.3 reca
4.3.4 patung misuwur
ora ditrapake
data ora kasedhiya
4.3.5 Pictographs
4.3.6 petroglyphs
4.3.7 figurines
4.4 fosil
5 Tatanan
5.1 tatanan
nalika lahar dirilis saka gunung, iku diwiwiti saka cooling cepet banget kang freezes mekanisme saka crystallization. asil punika kaca vulkanik karo susunan Gamelan seragam.
tuff wis kawangun nalika massa gedhe saka awu lan wedhi kang lagi pipis karo gas panas sing luwar dening gunung mbledhos lan longsor kanthi cepet mudhun lereng sawijining.
5.2 komposisi
5.2.1 isi Mineral
ora kasedhiya
kalsit, chlorite
5.2.2 senyawa isi
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
hidrogen sulfida, belerang dioxide
5.3 transformasi
5.3.1 metamorphism
5.3.2 jinis metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
5.3.3 cuaca
5.3.4 jinis udan
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
5.3.5 erosi
5.3.6 jinis erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier, erosi segara, banyu erosi, angin erosi
6 Properties
6.1 fisik
6.1.1 atose
6.1.2 ukuran gandum
ora ditrapake
grained nggoleki
6.1.3 rengat
6.1.4 tilas
6.1.5 porosity
banget kurang keropos
Highly keropos
6.1.6 luster
vitreous
vitreous kanggo kurang
6.1.7 kekuatan compressive
0.15 n / mm 2243.80 n / mm 2
0.15
450
6.1.8 cleavage
6.1.9 kateguhan
ora kasedhiya
ora kasedhiya
6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi
6.1.11 transparan
6.1.12 Kapadhetan
2.6 g / cm 31-1.8 g / cm 3
0
1400
6.2 situs termal
6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.92 kj / kg k0.20 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
6.2.2 resistance
tahan panas, impact tahan
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
7 Cadangan
7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan
7.1.1 asia
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
7.1.2 africa
Kenya
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
7.1.3 europe
greece, hungary, iceland, italy, turkey
france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom
7.1.4 wong
durung ketemu
Antartika, pulo hawaii
7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon
7.2.1 lor amerika
Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
7.2.2 kidul amerika
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
7.3 celengan ing Oseania bawana
7.3.1 australia
New Zealand
Central Australia, Western Australia