definisi
obsidian punika kaca vulkanik alami kawangun minangka rock igneous extrusive. diprodhuksi nalika lahar felsic extruded saka gunung mbledhos ndingin kanthi cepet karo wutah kristal minimal
ignimbrite punika rock vulkanik dumadi utamané saka pecahan pumice, kawangun dening consolidation saka materi setor dening mili pyroclastic
Sajarah
asal
Ethiopia
new zealand
panemu
obsius
Patrick marshall
Etimologi
saka obsidianus latin, misprint saka obsianus (lapis) (watu) saka obsius
saka geni ignis latin + Imber, padusan imbr- udan, badai maya + -ite
kelas
batuan beku
batuan beku
sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, medium atose rock
kulawarga
group
vulkanik
vulkanik
kategori liyane
rock opaque
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
tektur
glassy
aphanitic
werna
ireng, biru, coklat, ijo, orange, abang, tan, kuning
ibas, ireng, coklat, grey, pink, putih
pangopènan
kurang
liyane
kekiatan
awet
awet
banyu tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
ngeruk tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
rereged tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
angin tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
asam tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
katon
mengilap
kurang, vesicular lan foilated
arsitektur
Efesus interior
aggregates hiasan, interior
aggregates hiasan, kothak lantai, homes, interior
Efesus njaba
Taman hiasan
minangka watu bangunan, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu
Efesus arsitektur liyane
-
curbing
industri
industri construction
arrowheads, alat nglereni, lading, scrapers, TCTerms tumbak
omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction
industri medical
bedhah
-
Efesus jaman
artefak, perhiasan
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
Panggunaan sanès
komersial
nggawe kriya, mirror, digunakake ing akuarium
pelaku kuburan, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya
jinis
mercon obsidian, mahoni, Sheen obsidian, Snowflake obsidian lan Beludru merak obsidian
Batu piroklastik
fitur
pamblokiran negativity, mbantu kanggo ngreksa marang depresi
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero
pinunjul arkeologi
monumen
-
-
monumen misuwur
-
-
reca
-
-
patung misuwur
-
-
Pictographs
-
-
petroglyphs
-
-
figurines
-
-
fosil
absen
absen
tatanan
nalika lahar dirilis saka gunung, iku diwiwiti saka cooling cepet banget kang freezes mekanisme saka crystallization. asil punika kaca vulkanik karo susunan Gamelan seragam.
ignimbrites sing kawangun saka dicampur banget lingkungan diurutake saka awu vulkanik utawa tuff lan pumice lapilli, umum karo pecahan lithic kasebar.
komposisi
isi Mineral
-
apatite, biotite, kalsit, chlorite, Feldspar, hematite, hornblade, ilmenite, magnetite, olivine, pyroxene, quartz
senyawa isi
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
ca, NaCl
transformasi
metamorphism
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
cuaca
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis udan
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
udan biologi, udan kimia
erosi
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier
erosi kimia, erosi gisik
fisik
atose
5-5.54-6
1
7
👆🏻
ukuran gandum
-
grained nggoleki
rengat
conchoidal
ora rata
tilas
putih
putih
porosity
banget kurang keropos
Highly keropos
luster
vitreous
vitreous kanggo kurang
kekuatan compressive
0.15 n / mm 2243.80 n / mm 2
0.15
450
👆🏻
cleavage
-
-
kateguhan
-
-
tartamtu gravitasi
2.6-2.72.73
0
8.4
👆🏻
transparan
tembus
opaque
Kapadhetan
2.6 g / cm 31-1.8 g / cm 3
0
1400
👆🏻
situs termal
kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.92 kj / kg k0.20 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
👆🏻
resistance
tahan panas, impact tahan
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
celengan ing bawana wétan
asia
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
africa
Kenya
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda
europe
greece, hungary, iceland, italy, turkey
france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom
wong
-
Antartika, pulo hawaii
celengan ing bawana kulon
lor amerika
Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
kidul amerika
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador
celengan ing Oseania bawana
australia
New Zealand
Central Australia, Western Australia