Ignimbrite

Phonolite

Ignimbrite lan Phonolite

Ignimbrite

Phonolite

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1 Definition

1.1 definisi

ignimbrite punika rock vulkanik dumadi utamané saka pecahan pumice, kawangun dening consolidation saka materi setor dening mili pyroclastic

phonolite iku sawijining extrusive igneous rock rock vulkanik umum saka komposisi kimia antarané felsic lan mafic

1.2 Sajarah

1.2.1 asal

new zealand

dingerteni

1.2.2 panemu

Patrick marshall

Dingertèni

1.3 Etimologi

saka geni ignis latin + Imber, padusan imbr- udan, badai maya + -ite

saka makna greek mungel watu amarga saka metallic swara mrodhuksi yen plate unfractured wis mejet

1.4 kelas

batuan beku

1.4.1 sub-kelas

awet rock, medium atose rock

1.5 kulawarga

1.5.1 group

vulkanik

ora ditrapake

1.6 kategori liyane

rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque

2 Tekstur

2.1 tektur

aphanitic

granular

2.2 werna

ibas, ireng, coklat, grey, pink, putih

coklat, wudo, krim, ijo, grey, pink, putih

2.3 pangopènan

liyane

kurang

2.4 kekiatan

awet

2.4.1 banyu tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.2 ngeruk tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.3 rereged tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.4 angin tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.5 asam tahan

✔ ✘

2.5 katon

kurang, vesicular lan foilated

banded lan foilated

3 Kagunaane

3.1 arsitektur

3.1.1 Efesus interior

aggregates hiasan, kothak lantai, homes, interior

countertops, aggregates hiasan, jogan, homes

3.1.2 Efesus njaba

minangka watu bangunan, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu

minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu

3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane

curbing

3.2 industri

3.2.1 industri construction

omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction

minangka watu ukuran, Pabrik semen, kanthi jumlah ongko construction, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, landscaping, nggawe semen alam, Pabrik Magnesium lan dolomite refractories, produksi kaca lan keramik

3.2.2 industri medical

durung digunakake

3.3 Efesus jaman

artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik

artefak, monumen, reca

3.4 Panggunaan sanès

3.4.1 komersial

pelaku kuburan, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya

pelaku kuburan, nggawe kriya

4 Jinis

4.1 jinis

Ora Kasadhiya

kenyte

4.2 fitur

tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero

aplikasi saka asam ing lumahing nimbulaké frosting mendhung, kasedhiya ing persil saka werna lan patron, dissolves asam klorida, iku salah siji saka rock tuwa

4.3 pinunjul arkeologi

4.3.1 monumen

used

4.3.2 monumen misuwur

data ora kasedhiya

4.3.3 reca

used

4.3.4 patung misuwur

data ora kasedhiya

4.3.5 Pictographs

used

4.3.6 petroglyphs

used

4.3.7 figurines

used

4.4 fosil

absen

5 Tatanan

5.1 tatanan

ignimbrites sing kawangun saka dicampur banget lingkungan diurutake saka awu vulkanik utawa tuff lan pumice lapilli, umum karo pecahan lithic kasebar.

phonolite sing kawangun amarga aktivitas igneous alkalin lan umumé kawangun ing wilayah crustal Continental nglukis utawa ing zona subduksi cordilleran.

5.2 komposisi

5.2.1 isi Mineral

apatite, biotite, kalsit, chlorite, Feldspar, hematite, hornblade, ilmenite, magnetite, olivine, pyroxene, quartz

albite, amphibole, biotite, cancrinite, Feldspar, hornblende, plagioclase, pyroxene, sodalite

5.2.2 senyawa isi

ca, NaCl

aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide

5.3 transformasi

5.3.1 metamorphism

✔ ✘

5.3.2 jinis metamorphism

metamorphism kakubur, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional

kontak metamorphism

5.3.3 cuaca

✔ ✘

5.3.4 jinis udan

udan biologi, udan kimia

udan kimia, udan mechanical

5.3.5 erosi

✔ ✘

5.3.6 jinis erosi

erosi kimia, erosi gisik

erosi kimia, erosi gisik, banyu erosi, angin erosi

6 Properties

6.1 fisik

6.1.1 atose

4-65.5-6

1 7

6.1.2 ukuran gandum

grained nggoleki

6.1.3 rengat

ora rata

conchoidal kanggo ora rata

6.1.4 tilas

putih

6.1.5 porosity

Highly keropos

kurang keropos

6.1.6 luster

vitreous kanggo kurang

greasy kanggo kurang

6.1.7 kekuatan compressive

243.80 n / mm ²150.00 n / mm ²

0.15 450

6.1.8 cleavage

ora kasedhiya

miskin

6.1.9 kateguhan

ora kasedhiya

6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi

2.732.6

0 8.4

6.1.11 transparan

opaque

tembus kanggo opaque

6.1.12 Kapadhetan

1-1.8 g / cm ³2.6 g / cm ³

0 1400

6.2 situs termal

6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu

0.20 kj / kg kora Sumadhiya

0.14 3.2

6.2.2 resistance

tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan

tahan panas, impact tahan, nyandhang tahan

7 Cadangan

7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan

7.1.1 asia

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen

Indonesia, Iran, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Vietnam

7.1.2 africa

Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

7.1.3 europe

france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom

Andorra, finland, france, germany, great Britain, italy, norway, portugal, spain, sweden

7.1.4 wong

Antartika, pulo hawaii

Greenland

7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon

7.2.1 lor amerika