definisi
ignimbrite punika rock vulkanik dumadi utamané saka pecahan pumice, kawangun dening consolidation saka materi setor dening mili pyroclastic
obsidian punika kaca vulkanik alami kawangun minangka rock igneous extrusive. diprodhuksi nalika lahar felsic extruded saka gunung mbledhos ndingin kanthi cepet karo wutah kristal minimal
Sajarah
asal
new zealand
Ethiopia
panemu
Patrick marshall
obsius
Etimologi
saka geni ignis latin + Imber, padusan imbr- udan, badai maya + -ite
saka obsidianus latin, misprint saka obsianus (lapis) (watu) saka obsius
kelas
batuan beku
batuan beku
sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, medium atose rock
kulawarga
group
vulkanik
vulkanik
kategori liyane
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock opaque
tektur
aphanitic
glassy
werna
ibas, ireng, coklat, grey, pink, putih
ireng, biru, coklat, ijo, orange, abang, tan, kuning
pangopènan
liyane
kurang
kekiatan
awet
awet
banyu tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
ngeruk tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
rereged tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
angin tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
asam tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
katon
kurang, vesicular lan foilated
mengilap
arsitektur
Efesus interior
aggregates hiasan, kothak lantai, homes, interior
aggregates hiasan, interior
Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu
Taman hiasan
Efesus arsitektur liyane
curbing
-
industri
industri construction
omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction
arrowheads, alat nglereni, lading, scrapers, TCTerms tumbak
industri medical
-
bedhah
Efesus jaman
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
artefak, perhiasan
Panggunaan sanès
komersial
pelaku kuburan, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya
nggawe kriya, mirror, digunakake ing akuarium
jinis
Batu piroklastik
mercon obsidian, mahoni, Sheen obsidian, Snowflake obsidian lan Beludru merak obsidian
fitur
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero
pamblokiran negativity, mbantu kanggo ngreksa marang depresi
pinunjul arkeologi
monumen
-
-
monumen misuwur
-
-
reca
-
-
patung misuwur
-
-
Pictographs
-
-
petroglyphs
-
-
figurines
-
-
fosil
absen
absen
tatanan
ignimbrites sing kawangun saka dicampur banget lingkungan diurutake saka awu vulkanik utawa tuff lan pumice lapilli, umum karo pecahan lithic kasebar.
nalika lahar dirilis saka gunung, iku diwiwiti saka cooling cepet banget kang freezes mekanisme saka crystallization. asil punika kaca vulkanik karo susunan Gamelan seragam.
komposisi
isi Mineral
apatite, biotite, kalsit, chlorite, Feldspar, hematite, hornblade, ilmenite, magnetite, olivine, pyroxene, quartz
-
senyawa isi
ca, NaCl
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
transformasi
metamorphism
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism
cuaca
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis udan
udan biologi, udan kimia
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
erosi
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier
fisik
atose
4-65-5.5
1
7
👆🏻
ukuran gandum
grained nggoleki
-
rengat
ora rata
conchoidal
tilas
putih
putih
porosity
Highly keropos
banget kurang keropos
luster
vitreous kanggo kurang
vitreous
kekuatan compressive
243.80 n / mm 20.15 n / mm 2
0.15
450
👆🏻
cleavage
-
-
kateguhan
-
-
tartamtu gravitasi
2.732.6-2.7
0
8.4
👆🏻
transparan
opaque
tembus
Kapadhetan
1-1.8 g / cm 32.6 g / cm 3
0
1400
👆🏻
situs termal
kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.20 kj / kg k0.92 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
👆🏻
resistance
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
tahan panas, impact tahan
celengan ing bawana wétan
asia
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia
africa
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda
Kenya
europe
france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom
greece, hungary, iceland, italy, turkey
wong
Antartika, pulo hawaii
-
celengan ing bawana kulon
lor amerika
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA
kidul amerika
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru
celengan ing Oseania bawana
australia
Central Australia, Western Australia
New Zealand