1 Definition
1.1 definisi
ignimbrite punika rock vulkanik dumadi utamané saka pecahan pumice, kawangun dening consolidation saka materi setor dening mili pyroclastic
Anthracite jinis rock sedimentary kang hard lan macem-macem batu bara sing wis luster dhuwur
1.2 Sajarah
1.2.1 asal
new zealand
pennsylvania, kita
1.2.2 panemu
Patrick marshall
Dingertèni
1.3 Etimologi
saka geni ignis latin + Imber, padusan imbr- udan, badai maya + -ite
saka anthrakites greek, saka anthrax, anthrak meaning coal
1.4 kelas
batuan beku
rocks metamorphic
1.4.1 sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, rock alus
1.5 kulawarga
1.5.1 group
1.6 kategori liyane
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock grained coarse, rock grained nggoleki, medium rock grained, rock opaque
2 Tekstur
2.1 tektur
2.2 werna
ibas, ireng, coklat, grey, pink, putih
ireng, coklat, coklat peteng, grey, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng
2.3 pangopènan
2.4 kekiatan
2.4.1 banyu tahan
2.4.2 ngeruk tahan
2.4.3 rereged tahan
2.4.4 angin tahan
2.4.5 asam tahan
2.5 katon
kurang, vesicular lan foilated
veined utawa pebbled
3 Kagunaane
3.1 arsitektur
3.1.1 Efesus interior
aggregates hiasan, kothak lantai, homes, interior
durung digunakake
3.1.2 Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu
durung digunakake
3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane
curbing
durung digunakake
3.2 industri
3.2.1 industri construction
omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction
Pabrik semen, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, nggawe semen alam, produksi baja
3.2.2 industri medical
durung digunakake
ing kimia lan pharmaceutical industri, Pabrik aspirins
3.3 Efesus jaman
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
durung digunakake
3.4 Panggunaan sanès
3.4.1 komersial
pelaku kuburan, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya
panyulingan alumina, generasi listrik, bahan bakar cair, Pabrik sabun, cairan pelarut, alami, plastik lan serat, industri kertas
4 Jinis
4.1 jinis
Ora Kasadhiya
semi-Anthracite lan meta-Anthracite
4.2 fitur
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero
mbantu ing produksi panas lan listrik, digunakake minangka bahan bakar fosil
4.3 pinunjul arkeologi
4.3.1 monumen
4.3.2 monumen misuwur
data ora kasedhiya
ora ditrapake
4.3.3 reca
4.3.4 patung misuwur
data ora kasedhiya
ora ditrapake
4.3.5 Pictographs
4.3.6 petroglyphs
4.3.7 figurines
4.4 fosil
5 Tatanan
5.1 tatanan
ignimbrites sing kawangun saka dicampur banget lingkungan diurutake saka awu vulkanik utawa tuff lan pumice lapilli, umum karo pecahan lithic kasebar.
Wangun Anthracite saka klempakan saka lebu tetanduran ing lingkungan rawa. nalika lebu tetanduran mati lan tumiba menyang rawa, banyu ngadeg rawa ngreksa saka bosok.
5.2 komposisi
5.2.1 isi Mineral
apatite, biotite, kalsit, chlorite, Feldspar, hematite, hornblade, ilmenite, magnetite, olivine, pyroxene, quartz
kalsit, lempung, mineral lempung
5.2.2 senyawa isi
ca, NaCl
karbon, hidrogen, nitrogen, oksigen, belerang
5.3 transformasi
5.3.1 metamorphism
5.3.2 jinis metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
metamorphism kakubur, kontak metamorphism, metamorphism regional
5.3.3 cuaca
5.3.4 jinis udan
udan biologi, udan kimia
ora ditrapake
5.3.5 erosi
5.3.6 jinis erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik
ora ditrapake
6 Properties
6.1 fisik
6.1.1 atose
6.1.2 ukuran gandum
grained nggoleki
medium kanggo nggoleki coarse grained
6.1.3 rengat
6.1.4 tilas
6.1.5 porosity
Highly keropos
kurang keropos
6.1.6 luster
vitreous kanggo kurang
mengilap
6.1.7 kekuatan compressive
243.80 n / mm 2ora Sumadhiya
0.15
450
6.1.8 cleavage
6.1.9 kateguhan
ora kasedhiya
ora kasedhiya
6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi
6.1.11 transparan
6.1.12 Kapadhetan
1-1.8 g / cm 31.25-2.5 g / cm 3
0
1400
6.2 situs termal
6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.20 kj / kg k1.32 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
6.2.2 resistance
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
tahan panas, banyu tahan
7 Cadangan
7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan
7.1.1 asia
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
7.1.2 africa
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
7.1.3 europe
france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom
belgium, bulgaria, england, france, germany, greece, hungary, Kosovo, Aku tresna sampeyan;, norway, Poland, romania, Serbia, Slovakia, slovenia, Republik czech, Ukraine, united kingdom
7.1.4 wong
Antartika, pulo hawaii
durung ketemu
7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon
7.2.1 lor amerika
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA
7.2.2 kidul amerika
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
7.3 celengan ing Oseania bawana
7.3.1 australia
Central Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria