definisi
basalt punika rock igneous extrusive umum kawangun dening cooling kanthi cepet saka lahar basaltic kapapar ing utawa banget cedhak ing lumahing bumi
tonalite punika rock plutonic coarse-grained dumadi utamané saka plagioclase sodic, kuarsa, hornblende utawa mineral mafic liyane karo susunan phaneritic
Sajarah
asal
egypt
tonale, italy
panemu
George Agricola
Warren Hamilton
Etimologi
saka pungkasan basaltes latin (varian saka basanites), watu banget hard, kang diimpor saka basanites greek kuna
saka tonale pass, italy lor, + -ite1
kelas
batuan beku
batuan beku
sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, hard rock
kulawarga
group
vulkanik
plutonic
kategori liyane
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock grained coarse, rock grained nggoleki, medium rock grained, rock opaque
tektur
glassy, massive, porphyritic, scoriaceous, vesicular
phaneritic
werna
ireng, coklat, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng
ireng, coklat, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng, putih
pangopènan
liyane
kurang
kekiatan
awet
awet
banyu tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
ngeruk tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
rereged tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
angin tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
asam tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
katon
kurang lan alus
banded lan foilated
arsitektur
Efesus interior
kothak lantai, homes, Hotel, pawon
aggregates hiasan, entryways, jogan, homes, interior
Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, mapeng watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, mapeng watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor
Efesus arsitektur liyane
curbing, whetstones
curbing
industri
industri construction
arrowheads, minangka watu ukuran, cobblestones, alat nglereni, alur trek ballast, roadstone
minangka watu ukuran, Pabrik semen, cobblestones, kanthi jumlah ongko construction, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko
industri medical
-
-
Efesus jaman
artefak, monumen
artefak, reca
Panggunaan sanès
komersial
reservoir lenga lan gas, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya, digunakake ing akuarium
pelaku kuburan, nggawe kriya
jinis
basalt alkalin, boninite, basalt alumina dhuwur, agêng segara Pegunungan basalt (morb), basalt tholeiitic, basaltic trachyandesite, mugearite lan shoshonite
dacite
fitur
tahan struktural dhuwur marang erosi lan iklim, rock grained banget nggoleki
iku salah siji saka rock tuwa, biasane blentongé ireng lan putih.
pinunjul arkeologi
monumen
-
-
monumen misuwur
pulo Paskah ing segitiga Polinesia, pacific segara, Gateway of India ana ing Mumbai, India, gol Gumbaz ing karnataka, india
-
reca
-
-
patung misuwur
-
-
Pictographs
-
-
petroglyphs
-
-
figurines
-
-
fosil
absen
absen
tatanan
basalt formulir nalika lahar tekan lumahing bumi near vulkanik. suhu lava iku antarane 1100 1250 ° c nalika nemu menyang permukaan.
nalika Feldspar alkali sing dijupuk saka granit, iku diganti kanggo granitoid lan mengko, dadi tonalite karo quartz minangka mineral utama.
komposisi
isi Mineral
olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene
albite, amphibole, apatite, biotite, Feldspar, hornblade, ilmenite, magnetite, oksida manganese, olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene, quartz, sulfides, titanite, zirkon
senyawa isi
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
NaCl, cao, MgO, silikon dioksida
transformasi
metamorphism
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis metamorphism
kontak metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
cuaca
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis udan
udan biologi
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
erosi
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis erosi
-
angin erosi
fisik
atose
66-7
1
7
👆🏻
ukuran gandum
grained nggoleki
medium kanggo nggoleki coarse grained
rengat
conchoidal
conchoidal
tilas
putih kanggo werna abu-abu
bluish ireng
porosity
kurang keropos
banget kurang keropos
luster
-
subvitreous kanggo kurang
kekuatan compressive
37.40 n / mm 2185.00 n / mm 2
0.15
450
👆🏻
cleavage
-
-
kateguhan
2.3
2.1
tartamtu gravitasi
2.8-32.86-3
0
8.4
👆🏻
transparan
opaque
opaque
Kapadhetan
2.9-3.1 g / cm 32.73 g / cm 3
0
1400
👆🏻
situs termal
kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.84 kj / kg k0.92 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
👆🏻
resistance
tahan panas, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
tahan panas, meksa tahan, banyu tahan
celengan ing bawana wétan
asia
India, Russia
-
africa
South Africa
Egypt
europe
iceland
finland, germany, italy, romania, sweden, turkey
wong
-
-
celengan ing bawana kulon
lor amerika
Canada, USA
USA
kidul amerika
Brazil
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
celengan ing Oseania bawana
australia
-
New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia