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Tuff
Tuff




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What is Tuff?

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Definition

Definition

Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption

History

Origin

Italy

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Clastic, Pyroclastic

Color

Brown, Grey, Yellow

Maintenance

More

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

81% - Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

Scratch Resistant

86% - Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

Stain Resistant

66% - Igneous Rocks Rocks

Wind Resistant

49% - Igneous Rocks Rocks

Acid Resistant

48% - Igneous Rocks Rocks

Appearance

Dull, Vesicular and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate

Medical Industry

-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.

Features

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-

Famous Monuments

Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean

Sculpture

-

Famous Sculptures

-

Pictographs

-

Petroglyphs

-

Figurines

-

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Formation

Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Chlorite

Compound Content

Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

97% - Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

99% - Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

92% - Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

4-6
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

243.80 N/mm2
Rank: 6 (Overall)
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-

Toughness

-

Specific Gravity

2.73
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

1-1.8 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.20 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 32 (Overall)
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen

Africa

Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda

Europe

France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

Learn more about Properties of Tuff

What is Tuff? In this section, we will learn more about properties of Tuff i.e. physical and thermal properties. Physical properties of Tuff include Color, Streak, Hardness, Structure, Cleavage, Fracture, Luster, Specific Gravity etc. The strength of Tuff is 243.80 N/mm2. Streak of Tuff is white while its cleavage is . Luster of Tuff is vitreous to dull and its fracture is uneven. Tuff is opaque in nature. Know all about Tuff, What is Tuff, its composition, features, facts and reserves in next sections.

Know about Composition of Tuff

What is Tuff composed of? Get to know about composition of Tuff here. Tuff definition gives information about the Formation of Tuff and its composition.The composition of Tuff can be further divided into mineral and compound content. The mineral content of Tuff rock includes Calcite, Chlorite and The compound content of Tuff rock includes Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide. Almost all rocks undergo transformation process. Know all about Tuff rock in next section.