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Wackestone and Scoria


Scoria and Wackestone


Definition

Definition
A carbonate rock which is matrix supported and contains over 10% allochems in a carbonate mud matrix.   
Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities   

History
  
  

Discoverer
Unknown   
Unknown   

Etymology
From the English mud and stone, from low German mudde and stainaz   
From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung   

Class
Sedimentary Rocks   
Igneous Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Volcanic   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Clastic   
Vesicular   

Color
Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Grey, Orange, Red, White, Yellow   
Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red   

Maintenance
Less   
More   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
No   
No   

Wind Resistant
No   
No   

Acid Resistant
No   
No   

Appearance
Rough and Dull   
Glassy and Vesicular   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration   
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration   

Exterior Uses
As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Roof Tiles   
Garden Decoration, Paving Stone   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar   
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture   
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Pottery   
As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills   

Types

Types
Marl, Shale and Argillite   
Not Available   

Features
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock   
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Sculpture
Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Used   
Used   

Petroglyphs
Used   
Used   

Figurines
Used   
Used   

Fossils
Present   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Wackestone is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. These particles settle down and are then compacted due to high temperature and pressure hence forming Wackestone.   
Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz   
Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica   

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide   
Ca, NaCl   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No   
Yes   

Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable   
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
2-3   
5-6   

Grain Size
Very fine-grained   
Fine Grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Conchoidal   

Streak
White   
White   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Highly Porous   

Luster
Dull   
Subvitreous to Dull   

Compressive Strength
225.00 N/mm2   
7
Not Available   

Cleavage
Perfect   
Perfect   

Toughness
2.6   
2.1   

Specific Gravity
2.2-2.8   
Not Available   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.4-2.8 g/cm3   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.39 kJ/Kg K   
23
Not Available   

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Bangladesh, China, India, Russia   
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia   

Africa
Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania   
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania   

Europe
Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland   
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA   
Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA   

South America
Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela   
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia   
New Zealand, Western Australia   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Wackestone and Scoria Properties

Know all about Wackestone and Scoria properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Wackestone belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Scoria belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Wackestone is Clastic whereas that of Scoria is Vesicular. Wackestone appears Rough and Dull and Scoria appears Glassy and Vesicular. The luster of Wackestone is dull while that of Scoria is subvitreous to dull. Wackestone is available in black, blue, brown, green, grey, orange, red, white, yellow colors whereas Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors. The commercial uses of Wackestone are cemetery markers, pottery and that of Scoria are as a traction material on snow-covered roads, creating artwork, high-temperature insulation, in gas barbecue grills.

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