Turbidite

Chert

Turbidite and Chert

Turbidite

Chert

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Definition

A sedimentary rock, deposit of a submarine turbidity currents and are composed of layered particles

Chert is a hard, dark, opaque sedimentary rock which is composed of silica with an amorphous fine-grained texture

History

Origin

European Foreland Basins

Discoverer

Arnold H. Bouma

Unknown

Etymology

From Medieval Latin turbiditas, from Latin turbidus (turbid). Turbidity current is from 1939

From flint-like quartz, 1670s, of unknown origin- a local term, which has been taken into geological use

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Mud-rich, Sandy

Banded, Rough

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Banded

Glassy or Pearly

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms

Types

Sedimentary rock

Flint, Jasper, Radiolarite, Common Chert, Chalcedony, Agate, Onyx, Opal, Magadi-type Chert, Porcelanite, Siliceous Sinter

Features

High silica content, Host Rock for Lead

Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Formation

Turbidite is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. These particles then settle down and are subjected to high temperature and pressures hence forming Turbidite.

Chert forms when microcrystals of silicon dioxide grow within soft sediments that become limestone or chalk. The chert formation can be either of chemical or biological origin.

Composition

Mineral Content

Coesite, Quartz, Sand

Quartz, Silicon

Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO

Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

36.5-7

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine to Coarse Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Splintery

Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal

Streak

White, Greenish White or Grey

White

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Metallic

Waxy and Dull

Compressive Strength

200.00 N/mm²450.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Disjunctive

Toughness

2.4

1.5

Specific Gravity

2.46-2.732.5-2.8

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Translucent to Opaque

Density

1.6-2.5 g/cm³2.7 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.74 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Japan, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

Africa

Western Africa

Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Austria, Belarus, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom

Others

Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

Canada, Mexico, USA

South America

Brazil, Colombia

Bolivia, Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

All about Turbidite and Chert Properties

Know all about Turbidite and Chert properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Turbidite and Chert belong to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Turbidite is Mud-rich, Sandy whereas that of Chert is Banded, Rough. Turbidite appears Dull and Banded and Chert appears Glassy or Pearly. The luster of Turbidite is metallic while that of Chert is waxy and dull. Turbidite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink colors whereas Chert is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors. The commercial uses of Turbidite are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Chert are creating artwork, gemstone, in fire-starting tools, jewelry, to ignite fire, used in flintlock firearms.