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Trondhjemite and Tonalite


Tonalite and Trondhjemite


Definition

Definition
Trondhjemite is a leucocratic (light-colored) intrusive igneous rock. It is a variety of tonalite in which the plagioclase is mostly in the form of oligoclase. Trondhjemites are sometimes known as plagiogranites.  
Tonalite is a coarse-grained plutonic rock consisting mainly of sodic plagioclase, quartz, and hornblende or other mafic minerals with phaneritic texture  

History
  
  

Origin
Tonale, Italy  
Tonale, Italy  

Discoverer
Unknown  
Warren Hamilton  

Etymology
From Trondheim, Norway  
From Tonale Pass, northern Italy, + -ite1  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Igneous Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
Plutonic  
Plutonic  

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Phaneritic  
Phaneritic  

Color
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White  
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Wind Resistant
No  
No  

Acid Resistant
No  
Yes  

Appearance
Banded and Foilated  
Banded and Foilated  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration  
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate  
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines  
Artifacts, Sculpture  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork  
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork  

Types

Types
Intermediate intrusive rock  
Dacite  

Features
Is one of the oldest rock, Typically speckled black and white.  
Is one of the oldest rock, Typically speckled black and white.  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
When alkali feldspar is extracted from granite, it changes to granitoid and later, it becomes trondhjemite with quartz as major mineral.  
When alkali feldspar is extracted from granite, it changes to granitoid and later, it becomes tonalite with quartz as major mineral.  

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Manganese Oxides, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon  
Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Manganese Oxides, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon  

Compound Content
NaCl, CaO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide  
NaCl, CaO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  
Wind Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
6-7  
6-7  

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  

Fracture
Conchoidal  
Conchoidal  

Streak
Bluish Black  
Bluish Black  

Porosity
Very Less Porous  
Very Less Porous  

Luster
Subvitreous to Dull  
Subvitreous to Dull  

Compressive Strength
130.00 N/mm2  
24
185.00 N/mm2  
17

Cleavage
-  
-  

Toughness
2.1  
2.1  

Specific Gravity
2.86-3  
2.86-3  

Transparency
Opaque  
Opaque  

Density
2.73 g/cm3  
2.73 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K  
10
0.92 kJ/Kg K  
10

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Water Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
-  
-  

Africa
Egypt  
Egypt  

Europe
Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Turkey  
Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Turkey  

Others
-  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA  
USA  

South America
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru  
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia  
New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Trondhjemite and Tonalite Properties

Know all about Trondhjemite and Tonalite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Trondhjemite and Tonalite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Trondhjemite is Phaneritic whereas that of Tonalite is Phaneritic. Trondhjemite appears Banded and Foilated and Tonalite appears Banded and Foilated. The luster of Trondhjemite and Tonalite is subvitreous to dull. Trondhjemite and Tonalite are available in black, brown, light to dark grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Trondhjemite and Tonalite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.

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