Trondhjemite and Andesite

Trondhjemite

Andesite

Definition

Trondhjemite is a leucocratic (light-colored) intrusive igneous rock. It is a variety of tonalite in which the plagioclase is mostly in the form of oligoclase. Trondhjemites are sometimes known as plagiogranites.

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava

History

Origin

Tonale, Italy

North America

Discoverer

Unknown

Theodor von Gümbel

Etymology

From Trondheim, Norway

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Phaneritic

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

Yes

Scratch Resistant

Yes

Stain Resistant

Yes

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Yes

Appearance

Banded and Foilated

Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Intermediate intrusive rock

Icelandite

Features

Is one of the oldest rock, Typically speckled black and white.

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

When alkali feldspar is extracted from granite, it changes to granitoid and later, it becomes trondhjemite with quartz as major mineral.

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.

Composition

Mineral Content

Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Manganese Oxides, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon

Compound Content

NaCl, CaO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Yes

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Yes

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Yes

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-7

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Uneven

Streak

Bluish Black

White

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Vitreous

Compressive Strength

130.00 N/mm²

225.00 N/mm²

Cleavage

Toughness

2.1

1.1

Specific Gravity

2.86-3

2.5-2.8

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.73 g/cm³

2.11-2.36 g/cm³

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K

2.39 kJ/Kg K

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Africa

Egypt

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Turkey

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Mexico, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Summary >>

<< Reserves

All about Trondhjemite and Andesite Properties

Know all about Trondhjemite and Andesite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Trondhjemite and Andesite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Trondhjemite is Phaneritic whereas that of Andesite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Trondhjemite appears Banded and Foilated and Andesite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Trondhjemite is subvitreous to dull while that of Andesite is vitreous. Trondhjemite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey, white colors whereas Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Trondhjemite are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Andesite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork.

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