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Travertine
Travertine

Tephrite
Tephrite



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Travertine
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Tephrite

Travertine vs Tephrite

Definition

Definition

Travertine is a mineral consisting of layered calcium carbonate formed by deposition from spring waters
Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock

History

Origin

Italy
Germany

Discoverer

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio
Van Tooren

Etymology

From Italian travertino a kind of building stone, from Tiburs, adjective from Tibur (Tivoli), in Italy
From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Banded
Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Beige, Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Red, White, Yellow
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Fibrous
Vesicular

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar
Landscaping

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Paper Industry, Pottery
Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner

Types

Types

Thermal Travertine and Tufa
Igneous rock

Features

Stalactites and stalagmites are formed from this rock, Surfaces are often shiny, Very fine grained rock
Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

Colosseum in Rome, Italy, Sacré Coeur in Paris, France, Trevi Fountain in Rome, Italy
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

Travertine is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock which then undergo sedimentation. They are then subjected to high temperature and pressure hence forming travertine rock.
Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz
Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl, CaO, Oxygen
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3-46.5
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Splintery
Uneven

Streak

White
Bluish Black

Porosity

Highly Porous
Very Less Porous

Luster

Dull to Pearly
Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

80.00 N/mm290.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
Crenulation and Pervasive

Toughness

1
2.4

Specific Gravity

1.682.86
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.71 g/cm32.8-2.9 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

1.09 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, Russia
-

Africa

-
Namibia, Uganda

Europe

Austria, Italy, Portugal, United Kingdom
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador
-

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

-
New Zealand, Western Australia

Travertine vs Tephrite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Travertine and Tephrite Reserves. Travertine is a mineral consisting of layered calcium carbonate formed by deposition from spring waters. Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Travertine vs Tephrite information and Travertine vs Tephrite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Travertine vs Tephrite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Travertine vs Tephrite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Travertine and Properties of Tephrite. Learn more about Travertine vs Tephrite in the next section. The interior uses of Travertine include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Tephrite include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Travertine and Tephrite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Travertine in construction industry include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar and that of Tephrite include Landscaping.

More about Travertine and Tephrite

Here you can know more about Travertine and Tephrite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Travertine and Tephrite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Travertine includes Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz and mineral content of Tephrite includes Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Travertine vs Tephrite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Travertine is available in beige, black, blue, brown, grey, red, white, yellow colors whereas, Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. Appearance of Travertine is Fibrous and that of Tephrite is Vesicular. Properties of rock is another aspect for Travertine vs Tephrite. The hardness of Travertine is 3-4 and that of Tephrite is 6.5. The types of Travertine are Thermal Travertine and Tufa whereas types of Tephrite are Igneous rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Travertine is white while that of Tephrite is bluish black. The specific heat capacity of Travertine is 1.09 kJ/Kg K and that of Tephrite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Travertine is impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Tephrite is heat resistant, impact resistant.