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Travertine
Travertine

Lamprophyre
Lamprophyre



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Travertine
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Lamprophyre

Travertine vs Lamprophyre

Definition

Definition

Travertine is a mineral consisting of layered calcium carbonate formed by deposition from spring waters
Lamprophyre is uncommon igneous rocks primarily occurring as dikes, lopoliths, laccoliths, stocks and small intrusions

History

Origin

Italy
-

Discoverer

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio
Unknown

Etymology

From Italian travertino a kind of building stone, from Tiburs, adjective from Tibur (Tivoli), in Italy
From Greek lampros bright and shining + porphureos purple

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

-
Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Banded
Porphyritic

Color

Beige, Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Red, White, Yellow
Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Fibrous
Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

Medical Industry

-
Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Paper Industry, Pottery
An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Types

Thermal Travertine and Tufa
Minette, Alnoite, Camptonite, Monchiquite, Fourchite, Vogesite, Appinite and Spessartite

Features

Stalactites and stalagmites are formed from this rock, Surfaces are often shiny, Very fine grained rock
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust, Host rock for Diamond, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

Colosseum in Rome, Italy, Sacré Coeur in Paris, France, Trevi Fountain in Rome, Italy
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

Travertine is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock which then undergo sedimentation. They are then subjected to high temperature and pressure hence forming travertine rock.
Lamprophyre formation takes place deep beneath the Earth’s surface at around 150 to 450 kilometres, and are erupted rapidly and violently.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz
Amphibole, Carbonate, Garnet, Micas, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl, CaO, Oxygen
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3-45-6
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Fine to Coarse Grained

Fracture

Splintery
Conchoidal

Streak

White
White

Porosity

Highly Porous
Very Less Porous

Luster

Dull to Pearly
Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

80.00 N/mm2120.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
Conchoidal

Toughness

1
-

Specific Gravity

1.682.86-2.87
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Translucent to Opaque

Density

2.71 g/cm32.95-2.96 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

1.09 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, Russia
Russia

Africa

-
Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa

Europe

Austria, Italy, Portugal, United Kingdom
England, Hungary, Iceland, United Kingdom

Others

-
Antarctica, Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador
Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

-
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Travertine vs Lamprophyre Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Travertine and Lamprophyre Reserves. Travertine is a mineral consisting of layered calcium carbonate formed by deposition from spring waters. Lamprophyre is uncommon igneous rocks primarily occurring as dikes, lopoliths, laccoliths, stocks and small intrusions. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Travertine vs Lamprophyre information and Travertine vs Lamprophyre characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Travertine vs Lamprophyre Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Travertine vs Lamprophyre characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Travertine and Properties of Lamprophyre. Learn more about Travertine vs Lamprophyre in the next section. The interior uses of Travertine include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Lamprophyre include Decorative aggregates and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Travertine and Lamprophyre, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Travertine in construction industry include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar and that of Lamprophyre include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of magnesium and dolomite refractories.

More about Travertine and Lamprophyre

Here you can know more about Travertine and Lamprophyre. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Travertine and Lamprophyre consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Travertine includes Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz and mineral content of Lamprophyre includes Amphibole, Carbonate, Garnet, Micas, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Travertine vs Lamprophyre, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Travertine is available in beige, black, blue, brown, grey, red, white, yellow colors whereas, Lamprophyre is available in black, bluish - grey, brown, dark greenish - grey, green, grey colors. Appearance of Travertine is Fibrous and that of Lamprophyre is Dull, Banded and Foilated. Properties of rock is another aspect for Travertine vs Lamprophyre. The hardness of Travertine is 3-4 and that of Lamprophyre is 5-6. The types of Travertine are Thermal Travertine and Tufa whereas types of Lamprophyre are Minette, Alnoite, Camptonite, Monchiquite, Fourchite, Vogesite, Appinite and Spessartite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Travertine and Lamprophyre is white. The specific heat capacity of Travertine is 1.09 kJ/Kg K and that of Lamprophyre is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Travertine is impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Lamprophyre is heat resistant, impact resistant.