Trachyte

Nephelinite

Trachyte and Nephelinite

Trachyte

Nephelinite

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Definition

Trachyte is a grey fine-grained volcanic rock which mainly consists of alkali feldspar

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

History

Origin

Brazil

Discoverer

Alexandre Brongniart and René Just Haüy

Unknown

Etymology

From Greek trakhus rough’ or trakhutēs roughness

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Aphanitic

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey, Light to Dark Grey, White

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Banded

Skeletal

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Felsic volcanic rock

Peralkaline Nephelinite

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock, Matrix variable

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Trachyte is an igneous volcanic rock with an aphanitic to porphyritic texture. It is the volcanic equivalent of syenite rock and forms as a result of magmatic differentiation.

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Augite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Plagioclase, Quartz

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

Compound Content

Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

66.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Flat

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Metallic

Vitreous to Metallic

Compressive Strength

150.00 N/mm²35.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

2.7

Specific Gravity

2.72.4-2.9

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.43-2.45 g/cm³2.5-3 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.88 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam

Japan

Africa

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Rwanda, Tanzania

Europe

Bulgaria, England, Germany, Norway, Romania, Switzerland

Others

Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, USA

South America

Brazil, Chile

Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

All about Trachyte and Nephelinite Properties

Know all about Trachyte and Nephelinite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Trachyte and Nephelinite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Trachyte is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Nephelinite is Aphanitic. Trachyte appears Banded and Nephelinite appears Skeletal. The luster of Trachyte is metallic while that of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic. Trachyte and Nephelinite are available in black, brown, dark greenish - grey, green, grey, light to dark grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Trachyte are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo).