Trachyte

Cataclasite

Trachyte and Cataclasite

Trachyte

Cataclasite

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Definition

Trachyte is a grey fine-grained volcanic rock which mainly consists of alkali feldspar

Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix

History

Origin

Swiss Alps, Europe

Discoverer

Alexandre Brongniart and René Just Haüy

Michael Tellinger

Etymology

From Greek trakhus rough’ or trakhutēs roughness

From the Italian word cataclasi

Class

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Clastic

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey, Light to Dark Grey, White

Brown, Green, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Banded

Dull and Banded

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Felsic volcanic rock

Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock, Matrix variable

Easily splits into thin plates, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Trachyte is an igneous volcanic rock with an aphanitic to porphyritic texture. It is the volcanic equivalent of syenite rock and forms as a result of magmatic differentiation.

Cataclasiste rocks mainly form by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Augite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Plagioclase, Quartz

Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

63-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Streak

White

Black

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Metallic

Vitreous

Compressive Strength

150.00 N/mm²50.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

Specific Gravity

2.72.1

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Translucent to Opaque

Density

2.43-2.45 g/cm³2.9-3.1 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam

China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Africa

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa

Europe

Bulgaria, England, Germany, Norway, Romania, Switzerland

England, Finland, France, Spain, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, USA

South America

Brazil, Chile

Argentina, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Trachyte and Cataclasite Properties

Know all about Trachyte and Cataclasite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Trachyte belongs to Igneous Rocks while Cataclasite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Trachyte is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Cataclasite is Clastic. Trachyte appears Banded and Cataclasite appears Dull and Banded. The luster of Trachyte is metallic while that of Cataclasite is vitreous. Trachyte is available in black, brown, dark greenish - grey, green, grey, light to dark grey, white colors whereas Cataclasite is available in brown, green, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Trachyte are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Cataclasite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork.