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Tonalite
Tonalite

Adakite
Adakite



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Tonalite
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Tonalite vs Adakite

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Definition

Definition

Tonalite is a coarse-grained plutonic rock consisting mainly of sodic plagioclase, quartz, and hornblende or other mafic minerals with phaneritic texture
Adakite is an intermediate to felsic volcanic rock that has geochemical characteristics of magma which is said to be formed by partial melting of altered basalt that is subducted below volcanic arcs

History

Origin

Tonale, Italy
Adak, Aleutian Islands

Discoverer

Warren Hamilton
Defant and Drummond

Etymology

From Tonale Pass, northern Italy, + -ite1
From Adak, Aleutian Islands

Class

Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic
Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Phaneritic
Porphyritic

Color

Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Banded and Foilated
Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Whetstones

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture
Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork
Commemorative Tablets, Pottery, Used in aquariums

Types

Types

Dacite
Intermediate volcanic rock

Features

Is one of the oldest rock, Typically speckled black and white.
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Host rock for Diamond, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

When alkali feldspar is extracted from granite, it changes to granitoid and later, it becomes tonalite with quartz as major mineral.
Adakite rocks are formed when the hydrous fluids are released from minerals that break down in metamorphosed basalt, and rise into the mantle they initiate partial melting.

Composition

Mineral Content

Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Manganese Oxides, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

NaCl, CaO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Wind Erosion
Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-73-4
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Fine to Medium Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

Bluish Black
Bluish Black

Porosity

Very Less Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull
Grainy, Pearly and Vitreous

Compressive Strength

185.00 N/mm2200.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

2.1
-

Specific Gravity

2.86-3-9999
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.73 g/cm3-9999 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Water Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

-
India, Russia

Africa

Egypt
Ethiopia, Somalia, South Africa

Europe

Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Turkey
Iceland

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA
Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia
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Tonalite vs Adakite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Tonalite and Adakite Reserves. Tonalite is a coarse-grained plutonic rock consisting mainly of sodic plagioclase, quartz, and hornblende or other mafic minerals with phaneritic texture. Adakite is an intermediate to felsic volcanic rock that has geochemical characteristics of magma which is said to be formed by partial melting of altered basalt that is subducted below volcanic arcs. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Tonalite vs Adakite information and Tonalite vs Adakite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Tonalite vs Adakite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Tonalite vs Adakite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Tonalite and Properties of Adakite. Learn more about Tonalite vs Adakite in the next section. The interior uses of Tonalite include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Adakite include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Homes, Hotels and Kitchens. Due to some exceptional properties of Tonalite and Adakite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Tonalite in construction industry include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Adakite include As dimension stone, Cobblestones, Rail track ballast, Roadstone.

More about Tonalite and Adakite

Here you can know more about Tonalite and Adakite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Tonalite and Adakite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Tonalite includes Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Manganese Oxides, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon and mineral content of Adakite includes Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Tonalite vs Adakite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Tonalite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey, white colors whereas, Adakite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Tonalite is Banded and Foilated and that of Adakite is Dull and Soft. Properties of rock is another aspect for Tonalite vs Adakite. The hardness of Tonalite is 6-7 and that of Adakite is 3-4. The types of Tonalite are Dacite whereas types of Adakite are Intermediate volcanic rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Tonalite and Adakite is bluish black. The specific heat capacity of Tonalite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K and that of Adakite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Tonalite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, water resistant whereas Adakite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.