Tonalite

Comendite

Tonalite and Comendite

Tonalite

Comendite

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Definition

Tonalite is a coarse-grained plutonic rock consisting mainly of sodic plagioclase, quartz, and hornblende or other mafic minerals with phaneritic texture

Comendite is a hard, peralkaline igneous rock, a type of light blue grey rhyolite

History

Origin

Tonale, Italy

Italy

Discoverer

Warren Hamilton

Unknown

Etymology

From Tonale Pass, northern Italy, + -ite1

Comendite derives its name from the area of Le Commende on San Pietro Island in Italy

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Phaneritic

Porphyritic

Color

Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White

Blue, Bluish - Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Banded and Foilated

Foliated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Cemetery Markers

Types

Dacite

Rhyolite

Features

Is one of the oldest rock, Typically speckled black and white.

Very fine grained rock, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

When alkali feldspar is extracted from granite, it changes to granitoid and later, it becomes tonalite with quartz as major mineral.

Comendite is a type of Igneous rock which is formed due to cooling and solidification of lava or magma. It may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Manganese Oxides, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon

Albite, Amphibole, Quartz

Compound Content

NaCl, CaO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Al, Fe, Potassium Oxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Wind Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-76-7

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Medium Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Pervasive

Streak

Bluish Black

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Dull

Compressive Strength

185.00 N/mm²92.40 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

2.1

Specific Gravity

2.86-32.38

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.73 g/cm³-9999 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.79 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Water Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China

Africa

Egypt

East Africa

Europe

Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Turkey

Italy

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia

Queensland

All about Tonalite and Comendite Properties

Know all about Tonalite and Comendite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tonalite and Comendite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tonalite is Phaneritic whereas that of Comendite is Porphyritic. Tonalite appears Banded and Foilated and Comendite appears Foliated. The luster of Tonalite is subvitreous to dull while that of Comendite is dull. Tonalite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey, white colors whereas Comendite is available in blue, bluish - grey colors. The commercial uses of Tonalite and Comendite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.