1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism
Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
1.0.1 Discoverer
1.2 Etymology
From Old French esclate, from esclat (French éclat)
From an old Swedish mining term originally used to describe a type of silicate gangue or waste rock.
1.4 Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
1.4.2 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.8 Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Foliated
Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough
2.3 Color
Black, Brown, Buff, Green, Light to Dark Grey, Purple, Red, Shades of Blue
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White
2.4 Maintenance
2.6 Durability
3.1.1 Water Resistant
3.3.1 Scratch Resistant
3.3.2 Stain Resistant
3.4.1 Wind Resistant
3.4.3 Acid Resistant
3.5 Appearance
4 Uses
4.1 Architecture
4.1.1 Interior Uses
Bathrooms, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens, Stair Treads
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration
4.1.3 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
4.2.1 Other Architectural Uses
4.3 Industry
4.3.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Gold and Silver production, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
5.1.1 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Applicable
5.2 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture
5.3 Other Uses
5.3.2 Commercial Uses
Blackboards, Commemorative Tablets, Laboratory bench tops, Standard material for the bed of Billiard table, Standard material for the beds of Pool and Snooker table, Tombstones, Used in aquariums, Writing Slates
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Metallurgical Flux, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
6 Types
6.1 Types
6.2 Features
Easily splits into thin plates, Surfaces are often shiny, Very fine grained rock
Host Rock for Lead, Zinc and Copper Deposits
6.4 Archaeological Significance
6.4.1 Monuments
6.5.2 Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
Data Not Available
7.1.1 Sculpture
7.3.1 Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Data Not Available
7.3.3 Pictographs
7.3.5 Petroglyphs
7.3.7 Figurines
7.4 Fossils
8 Formation
8.1 Formation
Slate is a low grade metamorphic rock that is generally formed by metamorphosis of mudstone or shale, under relatively low pressure and temperature conditions.
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Skarn is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
8.2 Composition
8.2.1 Mineral Content
Apatite, Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Graphite, Hematite, Kaolinite, Magnetite, Pyrite, Tourmaline, Zircon
Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite
8.2.2 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
Au, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Cu, Fe, MgO
8.4 Transformation
8.4.1 Metamorphism
9.1.1 Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
9.2.1 Weathering
9.2.3 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Not Applicable
9.2.5 Erosion
9.3.2 Types of Erosion
Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Not Applicable
10 Properties
10.1 Physical Properties
10.1.1 Hardness
11.1.2 Grain Size
Very fine-grained
Fine Grained
11.1.3 Fracture
11.1.5 Streak
Light to dark brown
Light to dark brown
11.1.6 Porosity
11.1.8 Luster
11.1.10 Compressive Strength
11.1.14 Cleavage
11.1.15 Toughness
11.1.16 Specific Gravity
11.1.20 Transparency
11.1.21 Density
2.6-2.8 g/cm32.8-2.9 g/cm3
0
1400
11.3 Thermal Properties
11.3.1 Specific Heat Capacity
0.76 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K
0.14
3.2
12.3.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant
13 Reserves
13.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
13.1.1 Asia
China, India, Turkey
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka
13.1.2 Africa
Not Yet Found
South Africa, Western Africa
13.1.3 Europe
Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
United Kingdom
13.1.4 Others
13.2 Deposits in Western Continents
13.2.1 North America
13.2.2 South America
Brazil
Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay
13.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
13.3.1 Australia
Not Yet Found
Central Australia, Western Australia