Definition
Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin
  
Mugearite is a type of oligoclase bearing basalt, also comprising of olivine, apatite, and opaque oxides
  
History
  
  
Origin
USA, Australia
  
Skye, Scotland
  
Discoverer
Tornebohm
  
Alfred Harker
  
Etymology
From an old Swedish mining term originally used to describe a type of silicate gangue or waste rock.
  
From mugear + -ite
  
Class
Metamorphic Rocks
  
Igneous Rocks
  
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
  
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
  
Family
  
  
Group
Not Applicable
  
Volcanic
  
Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Opaque Rock
  
Texture
Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough
  
Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular
  
Color
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White
  
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey
  
Maintenance
Less
  
Less
  
Durability
Durable
  
Durable
  
Water Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Scratch Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Stain Resistant
No
  
Yes
  
Wind Resistant
Yes
  
No
  
Acid Resistant
Yes
  
No
  
Appearance
Dull
  
Dull and Soft
  
Architecture
  
  
Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration
  
Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels
  
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
  
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration
  
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
  
Curbing
  
Industry
  
  
Construction Industry
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Gold and Silver production, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
  
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone
  
Medical Industry
Not Applicable
  
Not Yet Used
  
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture
  
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture
  
Other Uses
  
  
Commercial Uses
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Metallurgical Flux, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
  
Creating Artwork
  
Types
Endoskarns
  
Alkaline Basalt, Boninite, High Alumina Basalt, Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB), Tholeiitic Basalt, Basaltic trachyandesite, Mugearite and Shoshonite
  
Features
Host Rock for Lead, Zinc and Copper Deposits
  
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock
  
Archaeological Significance
  
  
Monuments
Used
  
Used
  
Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
  
Data Not Available
  
Sculpture
Used
  
Used
  
Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
  
Data Not Available
  
Pictographs
Not Used
  
Used
  
Petroglyphs
Not Used
  
Used
  
Figurines
Used
  
Used
  
Fossils
Absent
  
Absent
  
Formation
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Skarn is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
  
Mugearite forms when lava reaches the Earth's surface near an active volcano. The temperature of lava is between 1100 to 1250° C when it gets to the surface.
  
Composition
  
  
Mineral Content
Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite
  
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
  
Compound Content
Au, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Cu, Fe, MgO
  
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
  
Transformation
  
  
Metamorphism
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
  
Burial Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism
  
Weathering
No
  
Yes
  
Types of Weathering
Not Applicable
  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering
  
Erosion
No
  
No
  
Types of Erosion
Not Applicable
  
Not Applicable
  
Physical Properties
  
  
Hardness
6.5
  
6
  
Grain Size
Fine Grained
  
Not Applicable
  
Fracture
Irregular
  
Conchoidal
  
Streak
Light to dark brown
  
White to Grey
  
Porosity
Less Porous
  
Less Porous
  
Luster
Waxy and Dull
  
Not Available
  
Compressive Strength
Not Available
  
37.50 N/mm
2
  
27
Cleavage
Slaty
  
Not Applicable
  
Toughness
2.4
  
2.3
  
Specific Gravity
2.86
  
2.8-3
  
Transparency
Opaque
  
Opaque
  
Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3
  
2.9-3.1 g/cm3
  
Thermal Properties
  
  
Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K
  
10
0.84 kJ/Kg K
  
15
Resistance
Heat Resistant
  
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
  
Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  
Asia
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka
  
India, Russia
  
Africa
South Africa, Western Africa
  
South Africa
  
Europe
United Kingdom
  
Iceland
  
Others
Not Yet Found
  
Not Yet Found
  
Deposits in Western Continents
  
  
North America
Canada
  
Canada, USA
  
South America
Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay
  
Brazil
  
Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  
Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia
  
Not Yet Found
  
All about Skarn and Mugearite Properties
Know all about Skarn and Mugearite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Skarn belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Mugearite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Skarn is Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough whereas that of Mugearite is Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular. Skarn appears Dull and Mugearite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Skarn is waxy and dull while that of Mugearite is not available. Skarn is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors whereas Mugearite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Skarn and Mugearite are creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry, metallurgical flux, source of magnesia (mgo).