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Shonkinite and Pantellerite


Pantellerite and Shonkinite


Definition

Definition
Shonkinite is a rare, dark-coloured and intrusive igneous rock which contains augite and orthoclase feldspar as its primary constituents   
Pantellerite is a peralkaline rhyolite. It has a higher iron and lower aluminium composition than comendite   

History
  
  

Origin
USA   
Strait of sicily   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Unknown   

Etymology
From the name of Shonkin Sag ranges in the Highwood Mountains of north-central Montana, US   
From Pantelleria, a volcanic island in the Strait of Sicily   

Class
Igneous Rocks   
Igneous Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock   
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Volcanic   

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Earthy   
Eutaxitic   

Color
Brown, Buff, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, White   
Dark Greenish - Grey   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
No   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
No   
Yes   

Acid Resistant
No   
Yes   

Appearance
Banded and Foilated   
Layered and Foliated   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration   
Not Yet Used   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone   
Not Yet Used   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Not Yet Used   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories   
NA   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   
Artifacts, Sculpture   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork   
Creating Artwork   

Types

Types
Not Available   
Pantelleritic Ignimbrite   

Features
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock, Matrix variable   
High Fe content   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Monuments
Data Not Available   
Not Applicable   

Sculpture
Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available   
Not Applicable   

Pictographs
Used   
Not Used   

Petroglyphs
Used   
Not Used   

Figurines
Used   
Not Yet Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Shonkinites are formed due to alkaline igneous activities and are generally formed in thick continental crustal areas or in Cordilleran subduction zones.   
Pantellerite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz   
Amphibole, Feldspar, Ilmenite   

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide   
Al, Fe   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
5.5-6   
6-7   

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained   
Fine Grained   

Fracture
Not Available   
Sub-conchoidal   

Streak
White   
Unknown   

Porosity
Less Porous   
Less Porous   

Luster
Subvitreous to Dull   
Earthy   

Compressive Strength
150.00 N/mm2   
14
Not Available   

Cleavage
Perfect   
Conchoidal   

Toughness
Not Available   
2   

Specific Gravity
2.6-2.7   
Not Available   

Transparency
Opaque   
Translucent to Opaque   

Density
2.6-2.8 g/cm3   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K   
10
Not Available   

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant   
Heat Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam   
China, India   

Africa
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa   
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria   

Europe
Bulgaria, England, Germany, Norway, Romania, Switzerland   
Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA   
Canada, USA   

South America
Brazil, Chile   
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia   
Central Australia, Queensland, Western Australia   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Shonkinite and Pantellerite Properties

Know all about Shonkinite and Pantellerite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Shonkinite and Pantellerite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Shonkinite is Earthy whereas that of Pantellerite is Eutaxitic. Shonkinite appears Banded and Foilated and Pantellerite appears Layered and Foliated. The luster of Shonkinite is subvitreous to dull while that of Pantellerite is earthy. Shonkinite is available in brown, buff, cream, green, grey, pink, white colors whereas Pantellerite is available in dark greenish - grey colors. The commercial uses of Shonkinite and Pantellerite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.

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