Shonkinite and Coquina

Shonkinite

Coquina

Definition

Shonkinite is a rare, dark-coloured and intrusive igneous rock which contains augite and orthoclase feldspar as its primary constituents

Coquina is a sedimentary rock that is composed either wholly or almost entirely of the transported, abraded, and mechanically-sorted fragments of the shells of molluscs, trilobites, brachiopods, or other invertebrates

History

Origin

USA

European Foreland Basins

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From the name of Shonkin Sag ranges in the Highwood Mountains of north-central Montana, US

From Concha (Latin)+ Coquina(Spanish) +conch(English)= Couquina (mid 19th century)

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Not Applicable

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Earthy

Clastic

Color

Brown, Buff, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Beige, Buff, Orange

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Non-Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Yes

Stain Resistant

Yes

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Banded and Foilated

Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate

Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork

Types

Not Available

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock, Matrix variable

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Used

Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

Sculpture

Used

Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

Pictographs

Used

Petroglyphs

Used

Figurines

Used

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Shonkinites are formed due to alkaline igneous activities and are generally formed in thick continental crustal areas or in Cordilleran subduction zones.

Coquina is a sedimentary rock which is formed when billions of small clam-like seashell, called Coquina, or cockleshell are die and hence are deposited, buried and turns into a rock when pressure is applied.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Apatite, Augite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Clay Minerals, Epidote, Feldspar, Garnet, Micas, Muscovite or Illite

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Iron(III) Oxide, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

Yes

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Not Applicable

Weathering

Yes

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Yes

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5.5-6

1-2

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Coarse Grained

Fracture

Not Available

Irregular

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic

Compressive Strength

150.00 N/mm²

Not Available

Cleavage

Perfect

Not Available

Toughness

Not Available

Specific Gravity

2.6-2.7

1.10-2.24

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.6-2.8 g/cm³

2.8-2.9 g/cm³

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K

Not Available

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam

Not Yet Found

Africa

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Not Yet Found

Europe

Bulgaria, England, Germany, Norway, Romania, Switzerland

United Kingdom

Others

Not Yet Found

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

South America

Brazil, Chile

Not Yet Found

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Not Yet Found

Summary >>

<< Reserves

All about Shonkinite and Coquina Properties

Know all about Shonkinite and Coquina properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Shonkinite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Coquina belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Shonkinite is Earthy whereas that of Coquina is Clastic. Shonkinite appears Banded and Foilated and Coquina appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. The luster of Shonkinite is subvitreous to dull while that of Coquina is dull to vitreous to submetallic. Shonkinite is available in brown, buff, cream, green, grey, pink, white colors whereas Coquina is available in beige, buff, orange colors. The commercial uses of Shonkinite and Coquina are cemetery markers, creating artwork.