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Shale
Shale

Tephrite
Tephrite



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Shale vs Tephrite

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Definition

Definition

Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock which is formed by the compaction of silt and clay-size mineral particles
Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock

History

Origin

-
Germany

Discoverer

Johann Gottlob Lehmann
Van Tooren

Etymology

From German Schalstein laminated limestone, and Schalgebirge layer of stone in stratified rock. From Old English scealu in its base sense of- thing that divides or separate,
From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Clastic, Splintery
Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Black, Brown, Buff, Green, Grey, Red, Yellow
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

More
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Muddy
Vesicular

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar
Landscaping

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture
Artifacts, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Pottery
Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner

Types

Types

Red Shale, Black Shale, Green Shale, Grey Shale and Yellow Shale
Igneous rock

Features

Easily splits into thin plates, Generally rough to touch, Very fine grained rock
Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

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-

Famous Monuments

Jantar Mantar in India
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Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

Shale forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settle at the bottom of water bodies. They are later compacted hence forming shale.
Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Albite, Biotite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Dolomite, Hematite, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Silica, Sulfides
Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Ca, Fe, Mg, Silicon Dioxide, Sodium
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

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Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

36.5
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

-
Uneven

Streak

White
Bluish Black

Porosity

Highly Porous
Very Less Porous

Luster

Dull
Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

95.00 N/mm290.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Slaty
Crenulation and Pervasive

Toughness

2.6
2.4

Specific Gravity

2.2-2.82.86
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.4-2.8 g/cm32.8-2.9 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.39 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, China, India, Russia
-

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania
Namibia, Uganda

Europe

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA
USA

South America

Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
-

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia
New Zealand, Western Australia

Shale vs Tephrite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Shale and Tephrite Reserves. Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock which is formed by the compaction of silt and clay-size mineral particles. Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Shale vs Tephrite information and Shale vs Tephrite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Shale vs Tephrite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Shale vs Tephrite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Shale and Properties of Tephrite. Learn more about Shale vs Tephrite in the next section. The interior uses of Shale include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Tephrite include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Shale and Tephrite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Shale in construction industry include Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar and that of Tephrite include Landscaping.

More about Shale and Tephrite

Here you can know more about Shale and Tephrite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Shale and Tephrite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Shale includes Albite, Biotite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Dolomite, Hematite, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Silica, Sulfides and mineral content of Tephrite includes Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Shale vs Tephrite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Shale is available in black, brown, buff, green, grey, red, yellow colors whereas, Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. Appearance of Shale is Muddy and that of Tephrite is Vesicular. Properties of rock is another aspect for Shale vs Tephrite. The hardness of Shale is 3 and that of Tephrite is 6.5. The types of Shale are Red Shale, Black Shale, Green Shale, Grey Shale and Yellow Shale whereas types of Tephrite are Igneous rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Shale is white while that of Tephrite is bluish black. The specific heat capacity of Shale is 0.39 kJ/Kg K and that of Tephrite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Shale is heat resistant, impact resistant whereas Tephrite is heat resistant, impact resistant.