Scoria

Coal

Scoria and Coal

Scoria

Coal

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Definition

Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers called coal beds

History

Origin

USA

Discoverer

Unknown

John Peter Salley

Etymology

From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung

From the Old English term col, which has meant mineral of fossilized carbon since the 13th century

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Vesicular

Amorphous, Glassy

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Glassy and Vesicular

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works

Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills

Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry

Types

Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria

Peat, Lignite, Sub-Bituminous Coal, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Graphite

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny

Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.

Coal forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment which is buried by sediments such as mud or sand and then compacted to form coal.

Composition

Mineral Content

Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica

Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5-61-1.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Black

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic

Compressive Strength

70.00 N/mm²-

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.1

Specific Gravity

-99991.1-1.4

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³1100-1400 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K1.32 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA

Canada, Mexico, USA

South America

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

All about Scoria and Coal Properties

Know all about Scoria and Coal properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Scoria belongs to Igneous Rocks while Coal belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Scoria is Vesicular whereas that of Coal is Amorphous, Glassy. Scoria appears Glassy and Vesicular and Coal appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Scoria is subvitreous to dull while that of Coal is dull to vitreous to submetallic. Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors whereas Coal is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Scoria are as a traction material on snow-covered roads, creating artwork, high-temperature insulation, in gas barbecue grills and that of Coal are alumina refineries, electricity generation, liquid fuel, manufacture of soap, solvents, dyes, plastics and fibres, paper industry.