Pantellerite

Kimberlite

Pantellerite and Kimberlite

Pantellerite

Kimberlite

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Definition

Pantellerite is a peralkaline rhyolite. It has a higher iron and lower aluminium composition than comendite

Kimberlite is a rare, blue-tinged, coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock, which sometimes contains diamonds and is mostly found in South Africa and Siberia.

History

Origin

Strait of sicily

Kimberley, South Africa

Discoverer

Unknown

John W. Judd

Etymology

From Pantelleria, a volcanic island in the Strait of Sicily

From Kimberley +‎ -ite, from the name of the South African town of Kimberley where the rock was first found.

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Eutaxitic

Porphyritic

Color

Dark Greenish - Grey

Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Layered and Foliated

Dull and Banded

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

Medical Industry

Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Pantelleritic Ignimbrite

Basaltic Kimberlites and Micaceous Kimberlites

Features

High Fe content

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust, Host rock for Diamond, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Pantellerite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Kimberlite is an igneous rock and is the main source of diamonds. Its formation takes place deep beneath the Earth’s surface between 150 to 450 kilometres, and are erupted rapidly and violently.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Feldspar, Ilmenite

Garnet, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Al, Fe

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-76-7

1 7

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Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fine to Coarse Grained

Fracture

Sub-conchoidal

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Very Less Porous

Luster

Earthy

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

210.00 N/mm²260.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Conchoidal

Toughness

Specific Gravity

-99992.86-2.87

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³2.95-2.96 g/cm³

0 1400

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Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India

Russia

Africa

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria

Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa

Europe

Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom

England, Hungary, Iceland, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Queensland, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia

All about Pantellerite and Kimberlite Properties

Know all about Pantellerite and Kimberlite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Pantellerite and Kimberlite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Pantellerite is Eutaxitic whereas that of Kimberlite is Porphyritic. Pantellerite appears Layered and Foliated and Kimberlite appears Dull and Banded. The luster of Pantellerite is earthy while that of Kimberlite is subvitreous to dull. Pantellerite is available in dark greenish - grey colors whereas Kimberlite is available in black, bluish - grey, brown, dark greenish - grey, green, grey colors. The commercial uses of Pantellerite are creating artwork and that of Kimberlite are an oil and gas reservoir, as a feed additive for livestock, gemstone, metallurgical flux, production of lime, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo).