Nephelinite

Evaporite

Nephelinite and Evaporite

Nephelinite

Evaporite

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

A water-soluble mineral sediment resulting from concentration and crystallization by evaporation from an aqueous solution

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

Brazil

USA

1.2.2 Discoverer

Unknown

Usiglio

1.3 Etymology

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

From a sediment left after the evaporation

1.4 Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Plutonic

Not Applicable

1.6 Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Aphanitic

Earthy

2.2 Color

Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White

Colourless, Green, Grey, Silver, White

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

2.5 Appearance

Skeletal

Glassy, Vesicular and Foilated

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Used in the manufacture of Ceramic Powder, Used in the preparation of Sulfuric Acid and Silicon Diborite

4 Types

4.1 Types

Peralkaline Nephelinite

Not Available

4.2 Features

Host Rock for Lead

Generally rough to touch, Splintery, Veined

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Used

Not Yet Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

4.3.3 Sculpture

Used

Not Yet Used

4.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

4.3.5 Pictographs

Not Used

Used

4.3.6 Petroglyphs

Not Used

Used

4.3.7 Figurines

Used

Not Yet Used

4.4 Fossils

Absent

Present

5 Formation

5.1 Formation

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Evaporite is water-soluble mineral sediment which forms from concentration and crystallization by evaporation from an aqueous solution.

5.2 Composition

5.2.1 Mineral Content

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

Calcite, Cancrinite, Gypsum, Kyanite, Magnetite

5.2.2 Compound Content

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

CaMg(CO₃)₂, CaO, Calcium Sulfate, KCl, MgO, NaCl

5.3 Transformation

5.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

5.3.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

5.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Not Applicable

5.3.5 Erosion

✔ ✘

5.3.6 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Not Applicable

6 Properties

6.1 Physical Properties

6.1.1 Hardness

6.52-3

1 7

1.3.6 Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

1.3.7 Fracture

Flat

Conchoidal

1.3.9 Streak

White

1.3.10 Porosity

Less Porous

1.3.11 Luster

Vitreous to Metallic

Subvitreous to Dull

1.3.12 Compressive Strength

35.00 N/mm²225.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

1.3.13 Cleavage

Imperfect

Perfect

1.3.14 Toughness

2.7

Not Available

1.3.15 Specific Gravity

2.4-2.92.86-2.99

0 8.4

1.3.16 Transparency

Opaque

Translucent

1.3.17 Density

2.5-3 g/cm³2.8-2.9 g/cm³

0 1400

1.4 Thermal Properties

1.4.1 Specific Heat Capacity

0.88 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

1.4.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant

2 Reserves

2.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

2.1.1 Asia

Japan

Not Available

2.1.2 Africa

Rwanda, Tanzania

Not Available

2.1.3 Europe

Not Yet Found

United Kingdom

2.1.4 Others

Hawaii Islands

Not Yet Found

2.2 Deposits in Western Continents

2.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

USA

2.2.2 South America

Colombia

Colombia, Paraguay

2.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

2.3.1 Australia

Not Yet Found

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Nephelinite and Evaporite Properties

Know all about Nephelinite and Evaporite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Nephelinite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Evaporite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Nephelinite is Aphanitic whereas that of Evaporite is Earthy. Nephelinite appears Skeletal and Evaporite appears Glassy, Vesicular and Foilated. The luster of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic while that of Evaporite is subvitreous to dull. Nephelinite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors whereas Evaporite is available in colourless, green, grey, silver, white colors. The commercial uses of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo) and that of Evaporite are used in the manufacture of ceramic powder, used in the preparation of sulfuric acid and silicon diborite.