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Nephelinite and Arkose


Arkose and Nephelinite


Definition

Definition
Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).   
Arkose is a sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar   

History
  
  

Origin
Brazil   
France   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Alexandre Brongniart   

Etymology
from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē   
From Auvergne region of France used by a French geologist Alexandre Brongniart in 1826 who applied this term to some feldspathic sandstones   

Class
Igneous Rocks   
Sedimentary Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Plutonic   
Not Applicable   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic   
Clastic   

Color
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White   
Reddish Brown   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
Yes   
No   

Acid Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Appearance
Skeletal   
Rough and Dull   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration   
Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone   
Paving Stone, Office Buildings   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Whetstones   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate   
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Production of Glass and Ceramics, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines   
Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)   
In aquifers, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO), Tombstones   

Types

Types
Peralkaline Nephelinite   
Not Available   

Features
Host Rock for Lead   
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Monuments
Data Not Available   
Not Applicable   

Sculpture
Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Not Used   
Not Used   

Petroglyphs
Not Used   
Not Used   

Figurines
Used   
Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Present   

Formation

Formation
Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.   
Arkose rock forms from the weathering of feldspar-rich igneous or metamorphic rock, most commonly granitic rocks, which are primarily composed of quartz and feldspar.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase   
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz   

Compound Content
Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO   
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes   
No   

Types of Metamorphism
Contact Metamorphism   
Not Applicable   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
6.5   
6-7   

Grain Size
Fine Grained   
Coarse Grained   

Fracture
Flat   
Conchoidal   

Streak
White   
White   

Porosity
Less Porous   
Highly Porous   

Luster
Vitreous to Metallic   
Dull   

Compressive Strength
35.00 N/mm2   
29
Not Available   

Cleavage
Imperfect   
Not Available   

Toughness
2.7   
Not Available   

Specific Gravity
2.4-2.9   
0   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.5-3 g/cm3   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.88 kJ/Kg K   
13
Not Available   

Resistance
Heat Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Japan   
China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan   

Africa
Rwanda, Tanzania   
Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa   

Europe
Not Yet Found   
Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom   

Others
Hawaii Islands   
Greenland   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA   
Canada, USA   

South America
Colombia   
Brazil   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
Not Yet Found   
New South Wales, New Zealand   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Nephelinite and Arkose Properties

Know all about Nephelinite and Arkose properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Nephelinite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Arkose belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Nephelinite is Aphanitic whereas that of Arkose is Clastic. Nephelinite appears Skeletal and Arkose appears Rough and Dull. The luster of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic while that of Arkose is dull. Nephelinite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors whereas Arkose is available in reddish brown colors. The commercial uses of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo) and that of Arkose are in aquifers, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo), tombstones.

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