Mudstone

Mylonite

Mudstone and Mylonite

Mudstone

Mylonite

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Definition

Mudstone is a fine-grained, dark gray sedimentary rock, which is formed from silt and clay and is similar to shale but has less laminations

Mylonite is a metamorphic rock formed by ductile deformation during intense shearing encountered during folding and faulting, a process termed cataclastic or dynamic metamorphism

History

Origin

New Zealand

Discoverer

William Smith

Unknown

Etymology

From the English mud and stone, from low German mudde and stainaz

From Greek mulōn mill + -ite

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic

Foliated

Color

Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Grey, Orange, Red, White, Yellow

Black to Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Rough and Dull

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Roof Tiles

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Pottery

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry

Types

Marl, Shale and Argillite

Blastomylonites, Ultramylonites and Phyllonites

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock

Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

Mudstone forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settle at the bottom of water bodies. They are buried and compacted by overlying sediment hence forming mudstone.

Mylonites are ductilely deformed rocks formed by the accumulation of large shear strain, in ductile fault zones.

Composition

Mineral Content

Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz

Porphyroblasts

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, Calcium Sulfate, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-33-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Dull

Shiny

Compressive Strength

25.00 N/mm²1.28 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Conchoidal

Toughness

2.6

Specific Gravity

2.2-2.82.97-3.05

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.4-2.8 g/cm³2.6-4.8 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.39 kJ/Kg K1.50 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, China, India, Russia

China, India, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

Europe

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

England, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

South America

Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Mudstone and Mylonite Properties

Know all about Mudstone and Mylonite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Mudstone belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Mylonite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Mudstone is Clastic whereas that of Mylonite is Foliated. Mudstone appears Rough and Dull and Mylonite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated. The luster of Mudstone is dull while that of Mylonite is shiny. Mudstone is available in black, blue, brown, green, grey, orange, red, white, yellow colors whereas Mylonite is available in black to grey colors. The commercial uses of Mudstone are creating artwork, pottery and that of Mylonite are creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry.