Marl

Anthracite

Marl vs Anthracite

Marl

Anthracite

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Definition

Marl is an unconsolidated sedimentary rock consisting of clay and lime

Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster

History

Origin

Pennsylvania, U.S.

Discoverer

William Smith

Unknown

Etymology

From Old French marle, from Late Latin marglia

From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Earthy

Amorphous, Glassy

Color

Beige, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Rough and Dull

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production

Medical Industry

In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner

Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry

Types

Clay Marl ,Blue Marl, Red Marl, High Bank Marl, Shell Layer Marl, Under Shell Layer Marl, Sand Marl, Green Marl, Grey Marl and Clayey Marl

Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite

Features

Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Splintery, Very fine grained rock

Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

Marl forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settles at the bottom of water bodies and are compacted by overlying sediment; the water squeezes out and hence forming Marl rock.

Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Dolomite, Gypsum, Micas, Pyrite, Quartz

Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-31-1.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Black

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Dull

Shiny

Compressive Strength

30.00 N/mm²-

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

2.6

Specific Gravity

2.2-2.81.1-1.4

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.4-2.8 g/cm³1.25-2.5 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.80 kJ/Kg K1.32 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant, Water Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Pakistan, Russia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, Mexico, USA

South America

Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

Marl vs Anthracite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Marl and Anthracite Reserves. Marl is an unconsolidated sedimentary rock consisting of clay and lime. Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Marl vs Anthracite information and Marl vs Anthracite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Marl vs Anthracite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Marl vs Anthracite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Marl and Properties of Anthracite. Learn more about Marl vs Anthracite in the next section. The interior uses of Marl include Decorative aggregates and Floor tiles whereas the interior uses of Anthracite include . Due to some exceptional properties of Marl and Anthracite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Marl in construction industry include Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar and that of Anthracite include Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel production.

More about Marl and Anthracite

Here you can know more about Marl and Anthracite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Marl and Anthracite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Marl includes Calcite, Clay, Dolomite, Gypsum, Micas, Pyrite, Quartz and mineral content of Anthracite includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Marl vs Anthracite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Marl is available in beige, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas, Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Marl is Rough and Dull and that of Anthracite is Veined or Pebbled. Properties of rock is another aspect for Marl vs Anthracite. The hardness of Marl is 2-3 and that of Anthracite is 1-1.5. The types of Marl are Clay Marl ,Blue Marl, Red Marl, High Bank Marl, Shell Layer Marl, Under Shell Layer Marl, Sand Marl, Green Marl, Grey Marl and Clayey Marl whereas types of Anthracite are Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Marl is white while that of Anthracite is black. The specific heat capacity of Marl is 0.80 kJ/Kg K and that of Anthracite is 1.32 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Marl is heat resistant, impact resistant whereas Anthracite is heat resistant, water resistant.