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Marl and Porphyry


Porphyry and Marl


Definition

Definition
Marl is an unconsolidated sedimentary rock consisting of clay and lime   
Porphyry is a reddish-brown to purple igneous rock containing large phenocrysts of various minerals embedded in a fine-grained matrix   

History
  
  

Origin
Unknown   
Egypt   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Unknown   

Etymology
From Old French marle, from Late Latin marglia   
From Old French porfire, from Italian porfiro and in some cases directly from Latin porphyrites   

Class
Sedimentary Rocks   
Igneous Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Plutonic   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Earthy   
Porphyritic   

Color
Beige, Brown, Green, Grey, White   
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, Red, Rust, White   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
No   

Scratch Resistant
No   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
No   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
No   
No   

Acid Resistant
No   
Yes   

Appearance
Rough and Dull   
Dull   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles   
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, Roof Tiles   
Garden Decoration, Paving Stone   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar   
Construction Aggregate   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines   
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner   
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry   

Types

Types
Clay Marl ,Blue Marl, Red Marl, High Bank Marl, Shell Layer Marl, Under Shell Layer Marl, Sand Marl, Green Marl, Grey Marl and Clayey Marl   
Rhomb Porphyry   

Features
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Splintery, Very fine grained rock   
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Sculpture
Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Used   
Not Used   

Petroglyphs
Used   
Not Used   

Figurines
Used   
Used   

Fossils
Present   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Marl forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settles at the bottom of water bodies and are compacted by overlying sediment; the water squeezes out and hence forming Marl rock.   
Porphyry is formed in two stages: the magma cools slowly deep within the crust or the magma is cools rapidly as it erupts from a volcano, creating small grains that are usually invisible to naked eye.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Calcite, Clay, Dolomite, Gypsum, Micas, Pyrite, Quartz   
Biotite, Chert, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Quartz, Silica   

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide   
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No   
Yes   

Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable   
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Not Registered   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
2-3   
6-7   

Grain Size
Very fine-grained   
Fine Grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Irregular   

Streak
White   
White   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Less Porous   

Luster
Dull   
Dull   

Cleavage
Not Available   
Imperfect   

Toughness
2.6   
1.7   

Specific Gravity
2.2-2.8   
2.5-4   

Transparency
Opaque   
Translucent to Opaque   

Density
2.4-2.8 g/cm3   
2.5-2.52 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
India, Pakistan, Russia   
China, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam   

Africa
Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa   
Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa   

Europe
Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland   
Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Greenland   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA   
Canada, Cuba, Jamaica, USA   

South America
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru   
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia   
New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Marl and Porphyry Properties

Know all about Marl and Porphyry properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Marl belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Porphyry belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Marl is Earthy whereas that of Porphyry is Porphyritic. Marl appears Rough and Dull and Porphyry appears Dull. The luster of Marl and Porphyry is dull. Marl is available in beige, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Porphyry is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, red, rust, white colors. The commercial uses of Marl are creating artwork, soil conditioner and that of Porphyry are creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry.

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