1 Definition
1.2 Definition
Kimberlite is a rare, blue-tinged, coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock, which sometimes contains diamonds and is mostly found in South Africa and Siberia.
Sovite is a coarse-grained variety of carbonatite which belongs to intrusive igneous rock
2.1 History
2.2.1 Origin
Kimberley, South Africa
Unknown
2.2.5 Discoverer
2.4 Etymology
From Kimberley + -ite, from the name of the South African town of Kimberley where the rock was first found.
Not Available
2.5 Class
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
2.7.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
2.8 Family
0.0.1 Group
1.4 Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Porphyritic
Granular, Poikiloblastic
2.2 Color
Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, Pink, White
2.3 Maintenance
2.5 Durability
2.6.2 Water Resistant
2.6.4 Scratch Resistant
2.7.2 Stain Resistant
2.8.1 Wind Resistant
3.1.1 Acid Resistant
3.4 Appearance
Dull and Banded
Dull, Banded and Foilated
5 Uses
5.2 Architecture
5.3.2 Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Homes
5.3.4 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
5.4.2 Other Architectural Uses
5.5 Industry
5.5.1 Construction Industry
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories, Unknown, Unknown
5.5.5 Medical Industry
Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium
Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium
5.6 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts
5.7 Other Uses
5.7.3 Commercial Uses
An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
6 Types
6.1 Types
Basaltic Kimberlites and Micaceous Kimberlites
Not Available
7.1 Features
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust, Host rock for Diamond, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny
Available in lots of colors, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock
8.2 Archaeological Significance
8.2.1 Monuments
8.2.4 Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
8.3.1 Sculpture
8.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
8.4.1 Pictographs
9.1.1 Petroglyphs
9.3.1 Figurines
9.4 Fossils
10 Formation
10.1 Formation
Kimberlite is an igneous rock and is the main source of diamonds. Its formation takes place deep beneath the Earth’s surface between 150 to 450 kilometres, and are erupted rapidly and violently.
Sovites are formed due to low degrees of partial melting of rocks.
10.2 Composition
10.2.1 Mineral Content
Garnet, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene
Ancylite, Apatite, Barite, Fluorite, Magnetite, Natrolite, Sodalite
10.2.3 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Sodium Oxide
10.3 Transformation
10.3.1 Metamorphism
10.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
10.3.4 Weathering
10.4.1 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
10.4.2 Erosion
11.1.1 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
12 Properties
12.1 Physical Properties
12.1.1 Hardness
13.1.8 Grain Size
Fine to Coarse Grained
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
13.1.9 Fracture
13.1.11 Streak
13.1.13 Porosity
Very Less Porous
Less Porous
13.1.15 Luster
Subvitreous to Dull
Subvitreous to Dull
13.1.16 Compressive Strength
13.1.23 Cleavage
13.1.24 Toughness
13.1.25 Specific Gravity
13.1.30 Transparency
Translucent to Opaque
Opaque
13.1.31 Density
2.95-2.96 g/cm32.84-2.86 g/cm3
0
1400
4.4 Thermal Properties
4.4.2 Specific Heat Capacity
9.3.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant
10 Reserves
10.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
10.1.1 Asia
Russia
China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan
10.1.2 Africa
Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa
Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa
10.1.3 Europe
England, Hungary, Iceland, United Kingdom
Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
10.1.4 Others
10.2 Deposits in Western Continents
10.2.1 North America
10.2.2 South America
Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador
Brazil
10.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
10.3.1 Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand