1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Ijolite is an intrusive igneous rock which is composed mainly of nepheline and an alkali pyroxene, usually aegirine-augite
Porphyry is a reddish-brown to purple igneous rock containing large phenocrysts of various minerals embedded in a fine-grained matrix
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
1.2.3 Discoverer
1.3 Etymology
From the first syllable of the Finnish words Ii-vaara, Iijoki, &c. commonly used geographical names in Finland, and the Gr. Xiflos, a stone
From Old French porfire, from Italian porfiro and in some cases directly from Latin porphyrites
1.4 Class
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
1.4.2 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
1.6 Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Earthy, Granular
Porphyritic
2.2 Color
Brown, Buff, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, White
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, Red, Rust, White
2.3 Maintenance
3.2 Durability
3.2.2 Water Resistant
3.2.4 Scratch Resistant
3.2.5 Stain Resistant
3.3.2 Wind Resistant
3.3.4 Acid Resistant
3.4 Appearance
4 Uses
4.1 Architecture
4.2.1 Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration
4.2.3 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
5.1.1 Other Architectural Uses
5.2 Industry
5.2.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
Construction Aggregate
5.3.1 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
5.5 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture
5.6 Other Uses
5.6.1 Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry
6 Types
6.1 Types
Not Available
Rhomb Porphyry
6.2 Features
Application of acids on the surface causes cloudy frosting, Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny
6.3 Archaeological Significance
6.3.1 Monuments
6.3.3 Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
Data Not Available
6.3.4 Sculpture
6.3.6 Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Data Not Available
6.3.7 Pictographs
6.3.9 Petroglyphs
6.3.11 Figurines
6.4 Fossils
7 Formation
7.1 Formation
Ijolite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Porphyry is formed in two stages: the magma cools slowly deep within the crust or the magma is cools rapidly as it erupts from a volcano, creating small grains that are usually invisible to naked eye.
8.2 Composition
8.2.1 Mineral Content
Albite, Amphibole, Biotite, Cancrinite, Feldspar, Hornblende, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Sodalite
Biotite, Chert, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Quartz, Silica
8.2.2 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
8.4 Transformation
8.4.1 Metamorphism
8.4.3 Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
8.5.1 Weathering
8.5.3 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Not Registered
8.5.4 Erosion
8.5.6 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion
9 Properties
9.1 Physical Properties
9.1.1 Hardness
10.1.2 Grain Size
Coarse Grained
Fine Grained
10.1.3 Fracture
Conchoidal to Uneven
Irregular
10.1.4 Streak
10.1.5 Porosity
10.1.6 Luster
10.1.7 Compressive Strength
10.1.14 Cleavage
10.1.15 Toughness
10.1.16 Specific Gravity
10.1.17 Transparency
Opaque
Translucent to Opaque
10.1.18 Density
2.6 g/cm32.5-2.52 g/cm3
0
1400
10.2 Thermal Properties
10.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
10.2.4 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
11 Reserves
11.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
11.1.1 Asia
Indonesia, Iran, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam
China, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam
11.1.2 Africa
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa
Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa
11.2.2 Europe
England, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, United Kingdom
Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland
11.2.3 Others
11.3 Deposits in Western Continents
11.3.1 North America
Canada, USA
Canada, Cuba, Jamaica, USA
11.3.2 South America
Colombia
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay
11.4 Deposits in Oceania Continent
11.4.1 Australia
New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia