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Icelandite
Icelandite

Hornfels
Hornfels



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Icelandite
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Hornfels

Icelandite vs Hornfels

Definition

Definition

Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock
Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

History

Origin

Iceland
New Zealand

Discoverer

Ian S. E. Carmichael
Unknown

Etymology

From its origin place near Cenozoic volcano near the parsonage Þingmúli in East Iceland
From German which means hornstone

Class

Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic
Granular, Platy

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow
Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Maintenance

More
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull and Soft
Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Intermediate volcanic rock
Biotite hornfels

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock
Smooth to touch

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Icelandite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon
Andalusite

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide
Fe, Mg

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
-

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

72-3
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained
Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven
Conchoidal

Streak

White
-

Porosity

Less Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous
Shiny

Compressive Strength

200.00 N/mm25.80 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
Perfect

Toughness

1.1
-

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.83.4-3.9
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm30.25-0.30 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea
Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania
Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom
United Kingdom

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Icelandite vs Hornfels Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Icelandite and Hornfels Reserves. Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Icelandite vs Hornfels information and Icelandite vs Hornfels characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Icelandite vs Hornfels Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Icelandite vs Hornfels characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Icelandite and Properties of Hornfels. Learn more about Icelandite vs Hornfels in the next section. The interior uses of Icelandite include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Homes, Interior decoration and Kitchens whereas the interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Icelandite and Hornfels, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Icelandite in construction industry include Cobblestones, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Hornfels include For road aggregate, Roadstone.

More about Icelandite and Hornfels

Here you can know more about Icelandite and Hornfels. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Icelandite and Hornfels consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Icelandite includes Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon and mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Icelandite vs Hornfels, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Icelandite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas, Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors. Appearance of Icelandite is Dull and Soft and that of Hornfels is Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Icelandite vs Hornfels. The hardness of Icelandite is 7 and that of Hornfels is 2-3. The types of Icelandite are Intermediate volcanic rock whereas types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Icelandite is white while that of Hornfels is . The specific heat capacity of Icelandite is 2.39 kJ/Kg K and that of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Icelandite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, scratch resistant, wear resistant whereas Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.