Icelandite and Rapakivi Granite

Icelandite

Definition

Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock

Rapakivi Granite is a hornblende-biotite Granite containing large rounded crystals of orthoclase which are mantled with oligoclase

History

Origin

Iceland

Finland, Europe

Discoverer

Ian S. E. Carmichael

Jakob Sederholm

Etymology

From its origin place near Cenozoic volcano near the parsonage Þingmúli in East Iceland

From Finnish Rapakivi which stands for crumbly rock

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Granular, Phaneritic

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White

Maintenance

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

Yes

Scratch Resistant

Yes

Stain Resistant

Yes

Wind Resistant

Yes

Acid Resistant

Yes

Appearance

Dull and Soft

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens, Stair Treads

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Office Buildings, Paving Stone, Resorts

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Not Yet Used

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As Dimension Stone

Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork, Curling, Laboratory bench tops, Tombstones

Types

Not Available

Igneous Protolith Granite, Sedimentary Protolith Granite, Mantle Granite, Anorogenic Granite and Hybrid Granite

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Not Yet Used

Used

Famous Monuments

Not Applicable

Data Not Available

Sculpture

Used

Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

Pictographs

Not Used

Petroglyphs

Not Used

Figurines

Used

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Icelandite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Granite is an igneous rock which is very hard, crystalline and is visibly homogeneous in texture and forms by melting of continental rocks

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon

Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Yes

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

Yes

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Yes

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-7

Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Large and Coarse Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Not Available

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Dull to Grainy with Sporadic parts Pearly and Vitreous

Compressive Strength

Not Available

175.00 N/mm²

Cleavage

Not Available

Toughness

1.1

Not Available

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.8

2.6-2.7

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm³

2.6-2.8 g/cm³

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K

0.79 kJ/Kg K

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sardinia, Spain, Switzerland, The Czech Republic, Venezuela

Others

Not Yet Found

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA

Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Not Yet Found

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Not Yet Found

Summary >>

<< Reserves

All about Icelandite and Rapakivi Granite Properties

Know all about Icelandite and Rapakivi Granite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Icelandite and Rapakivi Granite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Icelandite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Rapakivi Granite is Granular, Phaneritic. Icelandite appears Dull and Soft and Rapakivi Granite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Icelandite is vitreous while that of Rapakivi Granite is dull to grainy with sporadic parts pearly and vitreous. Icelandite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas Rapakivi Granite is available in black, grey, orange, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Icelandite are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Rapakivi Granite are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork, curling, laboratory bench tops, tombstones.