Hornfels

Mylonite

Hornfels vs Mylonite

Hornfels

Mylonite

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Definition

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

Mylonite is a metamorphic rock formed by ductile deformation during intense shearing encountered during folding and faulting, a process termed cataclastic or dynamic metamorphism

History

Origin

New Zealand

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From German which means hornstone

From Greek mulōn mill + -ite

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Granular, Platy

Foliated

Color

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Black to Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry

Types

Biotite hornfels

Blastomylonites, Ultramylonites and Phyllonites

Features

Smooth to touch

Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Mylonites are ductilely deformed rocks formed by the accumulation of large shear strain, in ductile fault zones.

Composition

Mineral Content

Andalusite

Porphyroblasts

Compound Content

Fe, Mg

Aluminium Oxide, Calcium Sulfate, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-33-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Shiny

Compressive Strength

5.80 N/mm²1.28 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Conchoidal

Toughness

Specific Gravity

3.4-3.92.97-3.05

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

0.25-0.30 g/cm³2.6-4.8 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K1.50 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

China, India, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

Europe

United Kingdom

England, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

Hornfels vs Mylonite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Hornfels and Mylonite Reserves. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. Mylonite is a metamorphic rock formed by ductile deformation during intense shearing encountered during folding and faulting, a process termed cataclastic or dynamic metamorphism. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Hornfels vs Mylonite information and Hornfels vs Mylonite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Hornfels vs Mylonite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Hornfels vs Mylonite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Hornfels and Properties of Mylonite. Learn more about Hornfels vs Mylonite in the next section. The interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Mylonite include Decorative aggregates and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Hornfels and Mylonite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Hornfels in construction industry include For road aggregate, Roadstone and that of Mylonite include For road aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone.

More about Hornfels and Mylonite

Here you can know more about Hornfels and Mylonite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Hornfels and Mylonite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite and mineral content of Mylonite includes Porphyroblasts. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Hornfels vs Mylonite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas, Mylonite is available in black to grey colors. Appearance of Hornfels is Dull and that of Mylonite is Dull, Banded and Foilated. Properties of rock is another aspect for Hornfels vs Mylonite. The hardness of Hornfels is 2-3 and that of Mylonite is 3-4. The types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels whereas types of Mylonite are Blastomylonites, Ultramylonites and Phyllonites. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Hornfels is while that of Mylonite is white. The specific heat capacity of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Mylonite is 1.50 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Mylonite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.