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Hornfels
Hornfels

Mugearite
Mugearite



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Hornfels
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Mugearite

Hornfels vs Mugearite

Definition

Definition

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock
Mugearite is a type of oligoclase bearing basalt, also comprising of olivine, apatite, and opaque oxides

History

Origin

New Zealand
Skye, Scotland

Discoverer

Unknown
Alfred Harker

Etymology

From German which means hornstone
From mugear +‎ -ite

Class

Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

-
Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Granular, Platy
Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular

Color

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull
Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork
Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Biotite hornfels
Alkaline Basalt, Boninite, High Alumina Basalt, Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB), Tholeiitic Basalt, Basaltic trachyandesite, Mugearite and Shoshonite

Features

Smooth to touch
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
Mugearite forms when lava reaches the Earth's surface near an active volcano. The temperature of lava is between 1100 to 1250° C when it gets to the surface.

Composition

Mineral Content

Andalusite
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Fe, Mg
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
Burial Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
-

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-36
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
-

Fracture

Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

-
White to Grey

Porosity

Highly Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Shiny
-

Compressive Strength

5.80 N/mm237.50 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect
-

Toughness

-
2.3

Specific Gravity

3.4-3.92.8-3
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

0.25-0.30 g/cm32.9-3.1 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand
India, Russia

Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa
South Africa

Europe

United Kingdom
Iceland

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia
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Hornfels vs Mugearite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Hornfels and Mugearite Reserves. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. Mugearite is a type of oligoclase bearing basalt, also comprising of olivine, apatite, and opaque oxides. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Hornfels vs Mugearite information and Hornfels vs Mugearite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Hornfels vs Mugearite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Hornfels vs Mugearite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Hornfels and Properties of Mugearite. Learn more about Hornfels vs Mugearite in the next section. The interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Mugearite include Floor tiles, Flooring, Homes and Hotels. Due to some exceptional properties of Hornfels and Mugearite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Hornfels in construction industry include For road aggregate, Roadstone and that of Mugearite include As dimension stone, Cobblestones, Rail track ballast, Roadstone.

More about Hornfels and Mugearite

Here you can know more about Hornfels and Mugearite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Hornfels and Mugearite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite and mineral content of Mugearite includes Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Hornfels vs Mugearite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas, Mugearite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Hornfels is Dull and that of Mugearite is Dull and Soft. Properties of rock is another aspect for Hornfels vs Mugearite. The hardness of Hornfels is 2-3 and that of Mugearite is 6. The types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels whereas types of Mugearite are Alkaline Basalt, Boninite, High Alumina Basalt, Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB), Tholeiitic Basalt, Basaltic trachyandesite, Mugearite and Shoshonite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Hornfels is while that of Mugearite is white to grey. The specific heat capacity of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Mugearite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Mugearite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.