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Hornfels
Hornfels

Anorthosite
Anorthosite



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Hornfels
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Anorthosite

Hornfels vs Anorthosite

Definition

Definition

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock
Anorthosite is a granular igneous rock composed largely of labradorite or plagioclase

History

Origin

New Zealand
-

Discoverer

Unknown
Unknown

Etymology

From German which means hornstone
From French anorthose plagioclase + -ite1

Class

Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

-
Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Granular, Platy
Foliated, Glassy

Color

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown
Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Green, Grey, Light Greenish Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments
Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork
Creating Artwork, Curling

Types

Types

Biotite hornfels
Proterozoic Anorthosite and Archean Anorthosite

Features

Smooth to touch
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
Anorthosite is a phaneritic, intrusive igneous rock which is characterized by a predominance of plagioclase feldspar which is almost 90–100%, and a minimal mafic component.

Composition

Mineral Content

Andalusite
Amphibole, Clinopyroxene, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Orthopyroxene

Compound Content

Fe, Mg
Ca, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, MgO, Sulfur Trioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-35-6
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
Irregular

Streak

-
White

Porosity

Highly Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Shiny
Pearly to Subvitreous

Compressive Strength

5.80 N/mm2180.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect
-

Toughness

-
-

Specific Gravity

3.4-3.92.62-2.82
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Translucent

Density

0.25-0.30 g/cm32.7-4 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand
-

Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa
-

Europe

United Kingdom
Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, The Czech Republic

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
Canada

South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
Bolivia, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia
Central Australia, South Australia, Western Australia

Hornfels vs Anorthosite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Hornfels and Anorthosite Reserves. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. Anorthosite is a granular igneous rock composed largely of labradorite or plagioclase. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Hornfels vs Anorthosite information and Hornfels vs Anorthosite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Hornfels vs Anorthosite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Hornfels vs Anorthosite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Hornfels and Properties of Anorthosite. Learn more about Hornfels vs Anorthosite in the next section. The interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Anorthosite include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Hornfels and Anorthosite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Hornfels in construction industry include For road aggregate, Roadstone and that of Anorthosite include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, For road aggregate.

More about Hornfels and Anorthosite

Here you can know more about Hornfels and Anorthosite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Hornfels and Anorthosite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite and mineral content of Anorthosite includes Amphibole, Clinopyroxene, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Orthopyroxene. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Hornfels vs Anorthosite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas, Anorthosite is available in black, bluish - grey, brown, green, grey, light greenish grey, pink, white colors. Appearance of Hornfels is Dull and that of Anorthosite is Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. Properties of rock is another aspect for Hornfels vs Anorthosite. The hardness of Hornfels is 2-3 and that of Anorthosite is 5-6. The types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels whereas types of Anorthosite are Proterozoic Anorthosite and Archean Anorthosite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Hornfels is while that of Anorthosite is white. The specific heat capacity of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Anorthosite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Anorthosite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, scratch resistant, wear resistant.