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Hornfels and Granulite


Granulite and Hornfels


Definition

Definition
Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock   
Granulite is fine to medium grained metamorphic rock with a granular of polygonal crystals.   

History
  
  

Origin
New Zealand   
Central Europe   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Unknown   

Etymology
From German which means hornstone   
From Latin granulum, a little grain or fine grained   

Class
Metamorphic Rocks   
Metamorphic Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Granular, Platy   
Granoblastic   

Color
Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown   
Black, Brown   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
No   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
No   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
No   
No   

Acid Resistant
No   
No   

Appearance
Dull   
Veined or Pebbled   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration   
Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens, Stair Treads   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone   
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
for Road Aggregate, Roadstone   
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments   
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork   
Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Soil Conditioner, Tombstones   

Types

Types
Biotite hornfels   
Not Available   

Features
Smooth to touch   
Clasts are smooth to touch   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Data Not Available   
Data Not Available   

Sculpture
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Used   
Not Used   

Petroglyphs
Used   
Not Used   

Figurines
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.   
Granulite is a fine-grained granular metamorphic rock in which the main component minerals are feldspars and quartz and forms at high temperature and pressure conditions.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Andalusite   
Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Quartz   

Compound Content
Fe, Mg   
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No   
No   

Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
2-3   
6-7   

Grain Size
Fine Grained   
Medium to Coarse Grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Not Available   

Streak
Unknown   
White   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Very Less Porous   

Luster
Shiny   
Vitreous   

Compressive Strength
5.80 N/mm2   
31
175.00 N/mm2   
13

Cleavage
Perfect   
Imperfect   

Toughness
Not Yet Found   
Not Available   

Specific Gravity
3.4-3.9   
2.8-3.0   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
0.25-0.30 g/cm3   
3.06-3.33 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.84 kJ/Kg K   
15
0.14 kJ/Kg K   
26

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand   
China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam   

Africa
Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa   
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Nigeria, South Africa   

Europe
United Kingdom   
Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sardinia, Spain, Switzerland, The Czech Republic, Venezuela   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA   
Canada, USA   

South America
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia   
Not Yet Found   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Hornfels and Granulite Properties

Know all about Hornfels and Granulite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Hornfels and Granulite belong to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Hornfels is Granular, Platy whereas that of Granulite is Granoblastic. Hornfels appears Dull and Granulite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Hornfels is shiny while that of Granulite is vitreous. Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas Granulite is available in black, brown colors. The commercial uses of Hornfels are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Granulite are curling, gemstone, laboratory bench tops, soil conditioner, tombstones.

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