Hornfels

Eclogite

Hornfels and Eclogite

Hornfels

Eclogite

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Definition

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

Eclogite is an extreme metamorphic rock, formed by regional metamorphism of basalt rock under very high pressure and temperature

History

Origin

New Zealand

Discoverer

Unknown

René Just Haüy

Etymology

From German which means hornstone

From French, Greek eklogē selection with reference to the selective content of the rock + -ite1

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Granular, Platy

Earthy

Color

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

Medical Industry

In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Medicines and Cosmetics

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Gemstone

Types

Biotite hornfels

Eclogite

Features

Smooth to touch

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Eclogite forms from high-pressure metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks mainly, basalt or gabbro as it plunges into the mantle in a subduction zone.

Composition

Mineral Content

Andalusite

Amphibole, Coesite, Corundum, Dolomite, Garnet, Kyanite, Lawsonite, Paragonite, Phengite, Pyroxene, Quartz, Rutile, Zoisite

Compound Content

Fe, Mg

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Potassium, Sodium

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-33.5-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Shiny

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

5.80 N/mm²200.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

Specific Gravity

3.4-3.92.86-2.87

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

0.25-0.30 g/cm³3.2-3.6 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.75 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

India, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Russia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey

Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Ethiopia, Morocco, South Africa

Europe

United Kingdom

France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Scotland

Others

Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Central Australia, New Zealand, Queensland

All about Hornfels and Eclogite Properties

Know all about Hornfels and Eclogite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Hornfels and Eclogite belong to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Hornfels is Granular, Platy whereas that of Eclogite is Earthy. Hornfels appears Dull and Eclogite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated. The luster of Hornfels is shiny while that of Eclogite is subvitreous to dull. Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas Eclogite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Hornfels are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Eclogite are creating artwork, gemstone.