1 Definition
2.1 Definition
Hawaiite is volcanic rock that resembles basalt. It is an olivine basalt with intermediate composition between alkali olivine and mugearite
Kimberlite is a rare, blue-tinged, coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock, which sometimes contains diamonds and is mostly found in South Africa and Siberia.
2.3 History
2.4.1 Origin
Hawaii Islands
Kimberley, South Africa
2.5.1 Discoverer
2.6 Etymology
From Hawaii Islands
From Kimberley + -ite, from the name of the South African town of Kimberley where the rock was first found.
2.8 Class
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
2.8.2 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
2.9 Family
2.9.1 Group
2.10 Other Categories
Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
3 Texture
3.1 Texture
Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular
Porphyritic
3.2 Color
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey
Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey
3.3 Maintenance
3.4 Durability
3.4.1 Water Resistant
3.5.1 Scratch Resistant
4.1.2 Stain Resistant
4.1.3 Wind Resistant
4.1.5 Acid Resistant
4.2 Appearance
Dull and Soft
Dull and Banded
5 Uses
5.1 Architecture
5.1.1 Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
5.1.3 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration
5.1.4 Other Architectural Uses
5.3 Industry
5.3.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
5.4.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium
5.5 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
6.2 Other Uses
6.2.1 Commercial Uses
Creating Artwork, Sea Defence
An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
7 Types
7.1 Types
Not Available
Basaltic Kimberlites and Micaceous Kimberlites
7.3 Features
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust, Host rock for Diamond, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny
7.4 Archaeological Significance
7.4.1 Monuments
7.4.3 Famous Monuments
Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean
Data Not Available
7.4.5 Sculpture
7.4.6 Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Data Not Available
7.4.8 Pictographs
7.4.10 Petroglyphs
7.4.12 Figurines
7.5 Fossils
8 Formation
8.1 Formation
Hawaiite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes and reach the Earth's surface.
Kimberlite is an igneous rock and is the main source of diamonds. Its formation takes place deep beneath the Earth’s surface between 150 to 450 kilometres, and are erupted rapidly and violently.
8.3 Composition
8.3.1 Mineral Content
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
Garnet, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene
9.0.2 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
9.2 Transformation
9.2.1 Metamorphism
9.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
9.3.4 Weathering
9.4.1 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
9.4.3 Erosion
9.4.5 Types of Erosion
Not Applicable
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
10 Properties
10.1 Physical Properties
10.1.1 Hardness
11.1.2 Grain Size
Not Applicable
Fine to Coarse Grained
11.1.3 Fracture
11.1.4 Streak
11.1.5 Porosity
Less Porous
Very Less Porous
11.1.6 Luster
Not Available
Subvitreous to Dull
11.1.7 Compressive Strength
11.1.14 Cleavage
Not Applicable
Conchoidal
11.1.15 Toughness
Not Available
Not Available
11.1.16 Specific Gravity
Not Available2.86-2.87
0
8.4
11.1.20 Transparency
Opaque
Translucent to Opaque
11.1.21 Density
Not Available2.95-2.96 g/cm3
0
1400
11.2 Thermal Properties
11.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
11.3.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
12 Reserves
12.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
12.1.1 Asia
12.1.2 Africa
South Africa
Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa
12.1.3 Europe
Iceland
England, Hungary, Iceland, United Kingdom
12.1.4 Others
Hawaii Islands
Antarctica
12.2 Deposits in Western Continents
12.2.1 North America
12.2.2 South America
Brazil
Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador
12.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
12.3.1 Australia
Not Yet Found
New South Wales, New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia