Gabbro

Nephelinite

Gabbro vs Nephelinite

Gabbro

Nephelinite

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Gabbro is an intrusive igneous rock which is chemically equivalent to plutonic Basalt

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

Germany

Brazil

1.2.2 Discoverer

Christian Leopold von Buch

Unknown

1.3 Etymology

From Latin glaber bare, smooth, bald

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

1.4 Class

Igneous Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Plutonic

1.6 Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Phaneritic

Aphanitic

2.2 Color

Dark Grey to Black

Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

2.5 Appearance

Veined and Shiny

Skeletal

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Laboratory bench tops, Jewelry, Sea Defence, Tombstones

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

4 Types

4.1 Types

Not Available

Peralkaline Nephelinite

4.2 Features

Smooth to touch

Host Rock for Lead

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

4.3.3 Sculpture

Used

1.0.1 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

1.1.1 Pictographs

Not Used

1.2.3 Petroglyphs

Not Used

1.3.1 Figurines

Used

1.5 Fossils

Absent

2 Formation

2.1 Formation

Gabbro, a mafic rock, forms due to cooling and crystallization of magma underneath Earth's surface.

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

3.1 Composition

3.2.1 Mineral Content

Augite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

3.3.1 Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Sulfur Trioxide

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

3.5 Transformation

3.5.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

3.6.2 Types of Metamorphism

Impact Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

3.6.4 Weathering

✔ ✘

3.6.6 Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

3.6.8 Erosion

✔ ✘

3.6.10 Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

4 Properties

4.1 Physical Properties

4.1.1 Hardness

76.5

1 7

8.1.2 Grain Size

Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

8.1.3 Fracture

Conchoidal

Flat

8.1.4 Streak

Black

White

8.1.5 Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

8.1.6 Luster

Not Available

Vitreous to Metallic

8.1.7 Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²35.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

8.1.17 Cleavage

Not Available

Imperfect

8.1.18 Toughness

1.6

2.7

8.1.19 Specific Gravity

2.86-2.872.4-2.9

0 8.4

8.1.22 Transparency

Opaque

8.1.23 Density

2.7-3.3 g/cm³2.5-3 g/cm³

0 1400

8.3 Thermal Properties

8.3.1 Specific Heat Capacity

NA0.88 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

9.3.2 Resistance

Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

10 Reserves

10.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

10.1.1 Asia

India, Russia

Japan

10.1.2 Africa

South Africa

Rwanda, Tanzania

10.1.3 Europe

Germany, Greece, Italy, Scotland, Turkey

Not Yet Found

10.1.4 Others

Greenland

Hawaii Islands

10.2 Deposits in Western Continents

10.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

10.2.2 South America

Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela

Colombia

10.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

10.3.1 Australia

New Zealand, Queensland

Not Yet Found

Gabbro vs Nephelinite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Gabbro and Nephelinite Reserves. Gabbro is an intrusive igneous rock which is chemically equivalent to plutonic Basalt. Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Gabbro vs Nephelinite information and Gabbro vs Nephelinite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Gabbro vs Nephelinite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Gabbro vs Nephelinite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Gabbro and Properties of Nephelinite. Learn more about Gabbro vs Nephelinite in the next section. The interior uses of Gabbro include Countertops, Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Nephelinite include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Gabbro and Nephelinite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Gabbro in construction industry include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Nephelinite include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate.

More about Gabbro and Nephelinite

Here you can know more about Gabbro and Nephelinite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Gabbro and Nephelinite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Gabbro includes Augite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene and mineral content of Nephelinite includes Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Gabbro vs Nephelinite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Gabbro is available in dark grey to black colors whereas, Nephelinite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors. Appearance of Gabbro is Veined and Shiny and that of Nephelinite is Skeletal. Properties of rock is another aspect for Gabbro vs Nephelinite. The hardness of Gabbro is 7 and that of Nephelinite is 6.5. The types of Gabbro are Not Available whereas types of Nephelinite are Peralkaline Nephelinite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Gabbro is black while that of Nephelinite is white. The specific heat capacity of Gabbro is Not Available and that of Nephelinite is 0.88 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Gabbro is impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Nephelinite is heat resistant.