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Cataclasite vs Chert


Chert vs Cataclasite


Definition

Definition
Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix  
Chert is a hard, dark, opaque sedimentary rock which is composed of silica with an amorphous fine-grained texture  

History
  
  

Origin
Swiss Alps, Europe  
-  

Discoverer
Michael Tellinger  
Unknown  

Etymology
From the Italian word cataclasi  
From flint-like quartz, 1670s, of unknown origin- a local term, which has been taken into geological use  

Class
Metamorphic Rocks  
Sedimentary Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
-  
-  

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Clastic  
Banded, Rough  

Color
Brown, Green, White, Yellow  
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
No  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
No  
Yes  

Wind Resistant
No  
No  

Acid Resistant
No  
Yes  

Appearance
Dull and Banded  
Glassy or Pearly  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes  
Decorative Aggregates, Homes  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate  
Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts  
Artifacts, Monuments  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork  
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms  

Types

Types
Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite  
Flint, Jasper, Radiolarite, Common Chert, Chalcedony, Agate, Onyx, Opal, Magadi-type Chert, Porcelanite, Siliceous Sinter  

Features
Easily splits into thin plates, Is one of the oldest rock  
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Present  

Formation

Formation
Cataclasiste rocks mainly form by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.  
Chert forms when microcrystals of silicon dioxide grow within soft sediments that become limestone or chalk. The chert formation can be either of chemical or biological origin.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz  
Quartz, Silicon  

Compound Content
Silicon Dioxide  
Silicon Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No  
No  

Types of Metamorphism
-  
-  

Weathering
Yes  
No  

Types of Weathering
Mechanical Weathering  
-  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion  
Chemical Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
3-4  
6.5-7  

Grain Size
Fine Grained  
Very fine-grained  

Fracture
-  
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal  

Streak
Black  
White  

Porosity
Less Porous  
Highly Porous  

Luster
Vitreous  
Waxy and Dull  

Compressive Strength
50.00 N/mm2  
39
450.00 N/mm2  
1

Cleavage
-  
-  

Toughness
-  
1.5  

Specific Gravity
2.1  
2.5-2.8  

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque  
Translucent to Opaque  

Density
2.9-3.1 g/cm3  
2.7 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.84 kJ/Kg K  
15
0.74 kJ/Kg K  
21

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea  
China, India, Iran, Japan, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam  

Africa
Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa  
Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania  

Europe
England, Finland, France, Spain, United Kingdom  
Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom  

Others
-  
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA  
Canada, Mexico, USA  

South America
Argentina, Colombia  
Bolivia, Brazil  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia  
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia  

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Cataclasite vs Chert Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Cataclasite and Chert Reserves. Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix. Chert is a hard, dark, opaque sedimentary rock which is composed of silica with an amorphous fine-grained texture. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Cataclasite vs Chert information and Cataclasite vs Chert characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Cataclasite vs Chert Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Cataclasite vs Chert characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Cataclasite and Properties of Chert. Learn more about Cataclasite vs Chert in the next section. The interior uses of Cataclasite include Decorative aggregates and Homes whereas the interior uses of Chert include Decorative aggregates and Homes. Due to some exceptional properties of Cataclasite and Chert, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Cataclasite in construction industry include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Chert include Arrowheads, Construction aggregate, Cutting tool, Spear points.

More about Cataclasite and Chert

Here you can know more about Cataclasite and Chert. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Cataclasite and Chert consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Cataclasite includes Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz and mineral content of Chert includes Quartz, Silicon. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Cataclasite vs Chert, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Cataclasite is available in brown, green, white, yellow colors whereas, Chert is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors. Appearance of Cataclasite is Dull and Banded and that of Chert is Glassy or Pearly. Properties of rock is another aspect for Cataclasite vs Chert. The hardness of Cataclasite is 3-4 and that of Chert is 6.5-7. The types of Cataclasite are Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite whereas types of Chert are Flint, Jasper, Radiolarite, Common Chert, Chalcedony, Agate, Onyx, Opal, Magadi-type Chert, Porcelanite, Siliceous Sinter. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Cataclasite is black while that of Chert is white. The specific heat capacity of Cataclasite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Chert is 0.74 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Cataclasite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Chert is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.

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