Blueschist

Hornfels

Blueschist and Hornfels

Blueschist

Hornfels

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Definition

Blueschist is a metamorphic rock which is generally blue in color and is formed under conditions of high pressure and low temperature

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

History

Origin

USA

New Zealand

Discoverer

Edgar Bailey

Unknown

Etymology

From French schiste, Greek skhistos i.e. split

From German which means hornstone

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Foliated

Granular, Platy

Color

Blue, Bluish - Grey, Purple, Shades of Blue

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Banded

Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork, Curling, Tombstones

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Metamorphic rock

Biotite hornfels

Features

Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock

Smooth to touch

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Blueschist forms due to the metamorphism of basalt and other rocks with similar composition at high pressures and low temperatures and approximately corresponding to a depth of 15 to 30 kilometers and 200 to 500 °C.

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Albite, Chlorite, Epidote, Garnet, Glaucophane, Lawsonite, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz

Andalusite

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Fe, Mg

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3.5-42-3

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine to Medium Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White to Grey

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Dull

Shiny

Compressive Strength

220.00 N/mm²5.80 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Slaty

Perfect

Toughness

1.5

Specific Gravity

3-3.23.4-3.9

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm³0.25-0.30 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Japan, Turkey

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, South Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Europe

France, Greece, Iceland

United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

All about Blueschist and Hornfels Properties

Know all about Blueschist and Hornfels properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Blueschist and Hornfels belong to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Blueschist is Foliated whereas that of Hornfels is Granular, Platy. Blueschist appears Dull and Banded and Hornfels appears Dull. The luster of Blueschist is dull while that of Hornfels is shiny. Blueschist is available in blue, bluish - grey, purple, shades of blue colors whereas Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors. The commercial uses of Blueschist and Hornfels are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork, curling, tombstones.