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Appinite
Appinite

Hornfels
Hornfels



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Appinite vs Hornfels

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Definition

Definition

Appinite is an igneous rock in which the crystals are so fine grained that individual minerals cannot be easily distinguished
Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

History

Origin

-
New Zealand

Discoverer

Unknown
Unknown

Etymology

From the variety of Lamprophyre Greek lampros bright and shining + porphureos purple
From German which means hornstone

Class

Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic
-

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Porphyritic
Granular, Platy

Color

Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey
Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull, Banded and Foilated
Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Whetstones
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

Medical Industry

Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Igneous rock
Biotite hornfels

Features

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust, Host rock for Diamond, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny
Smooth to touch

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

The formation of Appinite takes place deep beneath the Earth’s surface at around 150 to 450 kms, and are erupted rapidly and violently.
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Carbonate, Garnet, Micas, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene
Andalusite

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
Fe, Mg

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
-

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5-62-3
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine to Coarse Grained
Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

White
-

Porosity

Very Less Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull
Shiny

Compressive Strength

185.00 N/mm25.80 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Conchoidal
Perfect

Toughness

-
-

Specific Gravity

2.86-2.873.4-3.9
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.95-2.96 g/cm30.25-0.30 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Russia
Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

Africa

Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa
Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Europe

England, Hungary, Iceland, United Kingdom
United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Greenland
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Appinite vs Hornfels Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Appinite and Hornfels Reserves. Appinite is an igneous rock in which the crystals are so fine grained that individual minerals cannot be easily distinguished. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Appinite vs Hornfels information and Appinite vs Hornfels characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Appinite vs Hornfels Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Appinite vs Hornfels characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Appinite and Properties of Hornfels. Learn more about Appinite vs Hornfels in the next section. The interior uses of Appinite include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Appinite and Hornfels, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Appinite in construction industry include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of magnesium and dolomite refractories and that of Hornfels include For road aggregate, Roadstone.

More about Appinite and Hornfels

Here you can know more about Appinite and Hornfels. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Appinite and Hornfels consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Appinite includes Amphibole, Carbonate, Garnet, Micas, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene and mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Appinite vs Hornfels, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Appinite is available in black, bluish - grey, brown, dark greenish - grey, green, grey colors whereas, Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors. Appearance of Appinite is Dull, Banded and Foilated and that of Hornfels is Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Appinite vs Hornfels. The hardness of Appinite is 5-6 and that of Hornfels is 2-3. The types of Appinite are Igneous rock whereas types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Appinite is white while that of Hornfels is . The specific heat capacity of Appinite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Appinite is heat resistant, impact resistant whereas Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.