phonolite sing kawangun amarga aktivitas igneous alkalin lan umumé kawangun ing wilayah crustal Continental nglukis utawa ing zona subduksi cordilleran.
albite, amphibole, biotite, cancrinite, Feldspar, hornblende, plagioclase, pyroxene, sodalite
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
udan kimia, udan mechanical
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, banyu erosi, angin erosi