1 Definition
1.1 definisi
coal iku combustible-ireng coklat ireng utawa sedimentary rock biasane kedadean ing parang tingkat ing lapisan sing disebut kasur coal
skarns kawangun sak metamorphism regional utawa kontak lan saka macem-macem pangolahan metasomatic nglibatno cairan saka magmatic, metamorphic, lan / utawa asal segara
1.2 Sajarah
1.2.1 asal
1.2.2 panemu
john peter Salley
tornebohm
1.3 Etimologi
saka col term english lawas, kang wis temenan Mineral karbon fosil wiwit abad kaping 13
saka tembung mining swedish lawas Originally dipigunakaké kanggo njlèntrèhaké jinis gangue silicate utawa sampah rock.
1.4 kelas
rocks sedimentary
rocks metamorphic
1.4.1 sub-kelas
awet rock, rock alus
awet rock, hard rock
1.5 kulawarga
1.5.1 group
ora ditrapake
ora ditrapake
1.6 kategori liyane
rock grained coarse, rock grained nggoleki, medium rock grained, rock opaque
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
2 Tekstur
2.1 tektur
amorf, glassy
earthy, lendhut-sugih, atos
2.2 werna
ireng, coklat, coklat peteng, grey, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng
ireng, coklat, wernane, ijo, grey, putih
2.3 pangopènan
2.4 kekiatan
2.4.1 banyu tahan
2.4.2 ngeruk tahan
2.4.3 rereged tahan
2.4.4 angin tahan
2.4.5 asam tahan
2.5 katon
veined utawa pebbled
kurang
3 Kagunaane
3.1 arsitektur
3.1.1 Efesus interior
durung digunakake
aggregates hiasan, entryways, interior
3.1.2 Efesus njaba
durung digunakake
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, mapeng watu
3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane
durung digunakake
curbing
3.2 industri
3.2.1 industri construction
Pabrik semen, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, nggawe semen alam, produksi baja
minangka flux ing produksi wesi baja lan babi, minangka agen sintering ing industri baja kanggo proses biji wesi, minangka watu ukuran, emas lan perak produksi, Pabrik Magnesium lan dolomite refractories
3.2.2 industri medical
durung digunakake
ora ditrapake
3.3 Efesus jaman
artefak
artefak, monumen, reca
3.4 Panggunaan sanès
3.4.1 komersial
panyulingan alumina, generasi listrik, bahan bakar cair, Pabrik sabun, cairan pelarut, alami, plastik lan serat, industri kertas
nggawe kriya, gemstone, perhiasan, flux Metallurgical, sumber magnesia (MgO)
4 Jinis
4.1 jinis
peat, lignite, sub-bituminous batu bara, bituminous batu bara, Anthracite, grafit
endoskarns
4.2 fitur
mbantu ing produksi panas lan listrik, digunakake minangka bahan bakar fosil
tuan rumah rock kanggo timbal, seng lan tembaga celengan
4.3 pinunjul arkeologi
4.3.1 monumen
4.3.2 monumen misuwur
ora ditrapake
data ora kasedhiya
4.3.3 reca
4.3.4 patung misuwur
ora ditrapake
data ora kasedhiya
4.3.5 Pictographs
ora digunakake
ora digunakake
4.3.6 petroglyphs
ora digunakake
ora digunakake
4.3.7 figurines
4.4 fosil
5 Tatanan
5.1 tatanan
Wangun coal saka klempakan saka lebu tetanduran ing lingkungan rawa kang wis kakubur sedimen kayata lendhut utawa wedhi lan banjur compacted kanggo mbentuk coal.
amarga kanggo ngganti ing kondisi lingkungan, rocks sing digawe panas lan pressurized jero nang permukaan bumi. skarn kawangun saka panas nemen disebabake magma utawa dening tabrakan kuat lan gesekan lempeng tektonik.
5.2 komposisi
5.2.1 isi Mineral
analcime, apatite, barite, kalsit, chalcopyrite, chlorite, chromite, clausthalite, mineral lempung, grup crandallite, dolomite, Feldspar, galena, gypsum, marcasite, muscovite utawa illite, pyrite, quartz, siderite, sphalerite, zirkon
kalsit, enstatite, epidote, garnet, magnetite, pyroxene, titanite
5.2.2 senyawa isi
karbon, hidrogen, nitrogen, oksigen, belerang
au, cao, karbon dioksida, cu, fe, MgO
5.3 transformasi
5.3.1 metamorphism
5.3.2 jinis metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, metamorphism regional
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
5.3.3 cuaca
5.3.4 jinis udan
ora ditrapake
ora ditrapake
5.3.5 erosi
5.3.6 jinis erosi
ora ditrapake
ora ditrapake
6 Properties
6.1 fisik
6.1.1 atose
6.1.2 ukuran gandum
medium kanggo nggoleki coarse grained
grained nggoleki
6.1.3 rengat
conchoidal
ora duwe aturan baku
6.1.4 tilas
ireng
cahya kanggo coklat peteng
6.1.5 porosity
kurang keropos
kurang keropos
6.1.6 luster
kurang kanggo vitreous kanggo submetallic
waxy lan kurang
6.1.7 kekuatan compressive
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.15
450
6.1.8 cleavage
6.1.9 kateguhan
6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi
6.1.11 transparan
6.1.12 Kapadhetan
1100-1400 g / cm 32.8-2.9 g / cm 3
0
1400
6.2 situs termal
6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu
1.32 kj / kg k0.92 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
6.2.2 resistance
7 Cadangan
7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan
7.1.1 asia
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka
7.1.2 africa
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
South Africa, Western Africa
7.1.3 europe
belgium, bulgaria, england, france, germany, greece, hungary, Kosovo, Aku tresna sampeyan;, norway, Poland, romania, Serbia, Slovakia, slovenia, Republik czech, Ukraine, united kingdom
united kingdom
7.1.4 wong
durung ketemu
durung ketemu
7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon
7.2.1 lor amerika
Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada
7.2.2 kidul amerika
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay
7.3 celengan ing Oseania bawana
7.3.1 australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
Central Australia, Western Australia