Batubara

Chert

Batubara lan Chert

Batubara

Chert

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1 Definition

1.1 definisi

coal iku combustible-ireng coklat ireng utawa sedimentary rock biasane kedadean ing parang tingkat ing lapisan sing disebut kasur coal

chert punika hard, peteng, opaque rock sedimentary kang dumadi saka silika karo susunan nggoleki-grained amorf

1.2 Sajarah

1.2.1 asal

usa

dingerteni

1.2.2 panemu

john peter Salley

Dingertèni

1.3 Etimologi

saka col term english lawas, kang wis temenan Mineral karbon fosil wiwit abad kaping 13

saka quartz Flint-kaya, 1670s, diweruhi origin- istilah lokal, kang wis dijupuk menyang nggunakake geologi

1.4 kelas

rocks sedimentary

1.4.1 sub-kelas

awet rock, rock alus

awet rock, hard rock

1.5 kulawarga

1.5.1 group

ora ditrapake

1.6 kategori liyane

rock grained coarse, rock grained nggoleki, medium rock grained, rock opaque

rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque

2 Tekstur

2.1 tektur

amorf, glassy

banded, atos

2.2 werna

ireng, coklat, coklat peteng, grey, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng

ireng, coklat, ijo, grey, abang, putih

2.3 pangopènan

kurang

2.4 kekiatan

awet

2.4.1 banyu tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.2 ngeruk tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.3 rereged tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.4 angin tahan

✔ ✘

2.4.5 asam tahan

✔ ✘

2.5 katon

veined utawa pebbled

glassy utawa pearly

3 Kagunaane

3.1 arsitektur

3.1.1 Efesus interior

durung digunakake

aggregates hiasan, homes

3.1.2 Efesus njaba

durung digunakake

minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor

3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane

durung digunakake

curbing

3.2 industri

3.2.1 industri construction

Pabrik semen, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, nggawe semen alam, produksi baja

arrowheads, kanthi jumlah ongko construction, alat nglereni, TCTerms tumbak

3.2.2 industri medical

durung digunakake

3.3 Efesus jaman

artefak

artefak, monumen

3.4 Panggunaan sanès

3.4.1 komersial

panyulingan alumina, generasi listrik, bahan bakar cair, Pabrik sabun, cairan pelarut, alami, plastik lan serat, industri kertas

nggawe kriya, gemstone, ing pribadi geni-miwiti, perhiasan, ignite geni, Digunakake ana ing Firearms flintlock

4 Jinis

4.1 jinis

peat, lignite, sub-bituminous batu bara, bituminous batu bara, Anthracite, grafit

Flint, jasper, radiolarite, chert umum, chalcedony, agate, onyx, opal, magadi-jinis chert, porcelanite, Sinter siliceous

4.2 fitur

mbantu ing produksi panas lan listrik, digunakake minangka bahan bakar fosil

clasts Gamelan kanggo tutul, gampang pecah dadi lancip piring, tahan struktural dhuwur marang erosi lan iklim

4.3 pinunjul arkeologi

4.3.1 monumen

durung digunakake

used

4.3.2 monumen misuwur

ora ditrapake

data ora kasedhiya

4.3.3 reca

durung digunakake

4.3.4 patung misuwur

ora ditrapake

4.3.5 Pictographs

ora digunakake

4.3.6 petroglyphs

ora digunakake

4.3.7 figurines

durung digunakake

4.4 fosil

saiki

5 Tatanan

5.1 tatanan

Wangun coal saka klempakan saka lebu tetanduran ing lingkungan rawa kang wis kakubur sedimen kayata lendhut utawa wedhi lan banjur compacted kanggo mbentuk coal.

Wangun chert nalika microcrystals silikon dioksida tuwuh ing endapan alus sing dadi watu gamping utawa kapur. tatanan chert bisa dadi salah siji saka asal kimia utawa biologi.

5.2 komposisi

5.2.1 isi Mineral

analcime, apatite, barite, kalsit, chalcopyrite, chlorite, chromite, clausthalite, mineral lempung, grup crandallite, dolomite, Feldspar, galena, gypsum, marcasite, muscovite utawa illite, pyrite, quartz, siderite, sphalerite, zirkon

quartz, Silicon

5.2.2 senyawa isi

karbon, hidrogen, nitrogen, oksigen, belerang

silikon dioksida

5.3 transformasi

5.3.1 metamorphism

✔ ✘

5.3.2 jinis metamorphism

metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, metamorphism regional

ora ditrapake

5.3.3 cuaca

✔ ✘

5.3.4 jinis udan

ora ditrapake

5.3.5 erosi

✔ ✘

5.3.6 jinis erosi

ora ditrapake

erosi kimia

6 Properties

6.1 fisik

6.1.1 atose

1-1.56.5-7

1 7

6.1.2 ukuran gandum

medium kanggo nggoleki coarse grained

banget nggoleki-grained

6.1.3 rengat

conchoidal

ora rata, splintery utawa conchoidal

6.1.4 tilas

ireng

putih

6.1.5 porosity

kurang keropos

Highly keropos

6.1.6 luster

kurang kanggo vitreous kanggo submetallic

waxy lan kurang

6.1.7 kekuatan compressive

ora Sumadhiya450.00 n / mm ²

0.15 450

6.1.8 cleavage

non-ana

6.1.9 kateguhan

ora kasedhiya

1.5

6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi

1.1-1.42.5-2.8

0 8.4

6.1.11 transparan

opaque

tembus kanggo opaque

6.1.12 Kapadhetan

1100-1400 g / cm ³2.7 g / cm ³

0 1400

6.2 situs termal

6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu

1.32 kj / kg k0.74 kj / kg k

0.14 3.2

6.2.2 resistance

tahan panas

tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan

7 Cadangan

7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan

7.1.1 asia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

China, India, Iran, Japan, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

7.1.2 africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

7.1.3 europe

belgium, bulgaria, england, france, germany, greece, hungary, Kosovo, Aku tresna sampeyan;, norway, Poland, romania, Serbia, Slovakia, slovenia, Republik czech, Ukraine, united kingdom

austria, france, greece, italy, malta, Poland, portugal, Serbia, spain, sweden, united kingdom

7.1.4 wong

durung ketemu

Greenland, agêng-atlantic Pegunungan

7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon

7.2.1 lor amerika

Canada, Mexico, USA

7.2.2 kidul amerika

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

Bolivia, Brazil

7.3 celengan ing Oseania bawana

7.3.1 australia