Tuff

Mylonite

Tuff vs Mylonite

Tuff

Mylonite

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption

Mylonite is a metamorphic rock formed by ductile deformation during intense shearing encountered during folding and faulting, a process termed cataclastic or dynamic metamorphism

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

Italy

New Zealand

1.2.2 Discoverer

Unknown

1.3 Etymology

From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff

From Greek mulōn mill + -ite

1.4 Class

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Volcanic

Not Applicable

1.6 Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Clastic, Pyroclastic

Foliated

2.2 Color

Brown, Grey, Yellow

Black to Grey

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

2.5 Appearance

Dull, Vesicular and Foilated

Dull, Banded and Foilated

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate

for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry

4 Types

4.1 Types

Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.

Blastomylonites, Ultramylonites and Phyllonites

4.2 Features

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust

Surfaces are often shiny

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean

Data Not Available

4.3.3 Sculpture

Used

4.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

4.3.5 Pictographs

Used

4.3.6 Petroglyphs

Used

4.3.7 Figurines

Used

4.4 Fossils

Absent

5 Formation

5.1 Formation

Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.

Mylonites are ductilely deformed rocks formed by the accumulation of large shear strain, in ductile fault zones.

5.2 Composition

5.2.1 Mineral Content

Calcite, Chlorite

Porphyroblasts

5.2.2 Compound Content

Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, Calcium Sulfate, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, Silicon Dioxide

5.3 Transformation

5.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Not Applicable

5.3.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

5.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

5.3.5 Erosion

✔ ✘

5.3.6 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

6 Properties

6.1 Physical Properties

6.1.1 Hardness

4-63-4

1 7

6.1.2 Grain Size

Fine Grained

6.1.3 Fracture

Uneven

Conchoidal

6.1.4 Streak

White

6.1.5 Porosity

Highly Porous

6.1.6 Luster

Vitreous to Dull

Shiny

6.1.7 Compressive Strength

243.80 N/mm²1.28 N/mm²

0.15 450

6.1.8 Cleavage

Not Available

Conchoidal

6.1.9 Toughness

Not Available

6.1.10 Specific Gravity

2.732.97-3.05

0 8.4

6.1.11 Transparency

Opaque

6.1.12 Density

1-1.8 g/cm³2.6-4.8 g/cm³

0 1400

6.2 Thermal Properties

6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity

0.20 kJ/Kg K1.50 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

6.2.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

7 Reserves

7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

7.1.1 Asia

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen

China, India, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

7.1.2 Africa

Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda

Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

7.1.3 Europe

France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom

England, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, United Kingdom

7.1.4 Others

Antarctica, Hawaii Islands

Not Yet Found

7.2 Deposits in Western Continents

7.2.1 North America

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA

USA

7.2.2 South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay

Not Yet Found

7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

7.3.1 Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

Tuff vs Mylonite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Tuff and Mylonite Reserves. Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Mylonite is a metamorphic rock formed by ductile deformation during intense shearing encountered during folding and faulting, a process termed cataclastic or dynamic metamorphism. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Tuff vs Mylonite information and Tuff vs Mylonite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Tuff vs Mylonite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Tuff vs Mylonite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Tuff and Properties of Mylonite. Learn more about Tuff vs Mylonite in the next section. The interior uses of Tuff include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Mylonite include Decorative aggregates and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Tuff and Mylonite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Tuff in construction industry include Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate and that of Mylonite include For road aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone.

More about Tuff and Mylonite

Here you can know more about Tuff and Mylonite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Tuff and Mylonite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Tuff includes Calcite, Chlorite and mineral content of Mylonite includes Porphyroblasts. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Tuff vs Mylonite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Tuff is available in brown, grey, yellow colors whereas, Mylonite is available in black to grey colors. Appearance of Tuff is Dull, Vesicular and Foilated and that of Mylonite is Dull, Banded and Foilated. Properties of rock is another aspect for Tuff vs Mylonite. The hardness of Tuff is 4-6 and that of Mylonite is 3-4. The types of Tuff are Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite. whereas types of Mylonite are Blastomylonites, Ultramylonites and Phyllonites. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Tuff and Mylonite is white. The specific heat capacity of Tuff is 0.20 kJ/Kg K and that of Mylonite is 1.50 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Tuff is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Mylonite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.