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Tuff
Tuff

Gossan
Gossan



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Tuff
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Gossan

Tuff vs Gossan

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Definition

Definition

Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption
Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.

History

Origin

Italy
Indonesia

Discoverer

Unknown
Cornish Gossen

Etymology

From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff
From Cornish gossen from gos, blood from Old Cornish guit

Class

Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Clastic, Pyroclastic
Rough, Sandy

Color

Brown, Grey, Yellow
Brown, Brown- Black, Gold, Green, Rust

Maintenance

More
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull, Vesicular and Foilated
Dull and Banded

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Gemstone

Types

Types

Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.
Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan

Features

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean
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Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.
Earth movements can cause rocks to be either deeply buried or squeezed and hence the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Chlorite
Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon

Compound Content

Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Fe, FeO, Silicon Dioxide, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
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Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
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Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

4-64-5
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Fine to Medium Grained

Fracture

Uneven
Conchoidal

Streak

White
White to Grey

Porosity

Highly Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Dull
Metallic

Compressive Strength

243.80 N/mm2-
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

-
-

Specific Gravity

2.732.0
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

1-1.8 g/cm3-9999 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.20 kJ/Kg K0.24 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Singapore, South Korea

Africa

Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

Europe

France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
Albania, France, Germany, Great Britain, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Hawaii Islands
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Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia

Tuff vs Gossan Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Tuff and Gossan Reserves. Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Tuff vs Gossan information and Tuff vs Gossan characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Tuff vs Gossan Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Tuff vs Gossan characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Tuff and Properties of Gossan. Learn more about Tuff vs Gossan in the next section. The interior uses of Tuff include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Gossan include Countertops, Decorative aggregates and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Tuff and Gossan, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Tuff in construction industry include Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate and that of Gossan include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate.

More about Tuff and Gossan

Here you can know more about Tuff and Gossan. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Tuff and Gossan consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Tuff includes Calcite, Chlorite and mineral content of Gossan includes Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Tuff vs Gossan, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Tuff is available in brown, grey, yellow colors whereas, Gossan is available in brown, brown- black, gold, green, rust colors. Appearance of Tuff is Dull, Vesicular and Foilated and that of Gossan is Dull and Banded. Properties of rock is another aspect for Tuff vs Gossan. The hardness of Tuff is 4-6 and that of Gossan is 4-5. The types of Tuff are Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite. whereas types of Gossan are Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Tuff is white while that of Gossan is white to grey. The specific heat capacity of Tuff is 0.20 kJ/Kg K and that of Gossan is 0.24 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Tuff is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Gossan is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.